From: Clinical significance of subepithelial growth patterns in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Variables | Cases (n) | Disease progression | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
 |  |  | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p value |
T stage | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | a | 104 | 1 | - | 1 | - |
 | 1 | 26 | 20.69 (7.82-446.23) | < 0.0001 | 20.94 (2.44-179.45) | 0.006 |
Tumor grade (2004 WHO) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | PUNLMP/LG | 97 | 1 | - | 1 | - |
 | HG | 33 | 14.37 (3.25-126.40) | 0.0013 | 2.97 (0.098-90.16) | 0.53 |
Concomitant CIS | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | absent | 123 | 1 | - |  |  |
 | present | 7 | ND | 0.51 |  |  |
Lymphovascular involvement | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | absent | 110 | 1 | - | 1 | - |
 | present | 20 | 12.07 (7.49-733.68) | 0.0002 | 1.23 (0.13-11.28) | 0.86 |
Multiplicity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | solitary | 70 | 1 | - |  |  |
 | multiple | 60 | 5.44 (0.84-20.60) | 0.082 |  |  |
Tumor diameter (cm) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | < 3 | 99 | 1 | - | 1 | - |
 | ≥ 3 | 31 | 16.93 (4.63-209.78) | 0.0004 | 6.77 (0.69-66.8) | 0.10 |
Endophytic growth pattern | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | absent | 90 | 1 | - |  |  |
 | present | 40 | ND | 0.096 |  |  |
von Brunn's nest involvement | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | absent | 125 | 1 | - |  |  |
 | present | 5 | 5.82 (0.74-5617.98) | 0.068 |  |  |
Intravesical therapy | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | None | 55 | 1 | - |  |  |
 | BCG | 75 | 1.09 (0.20-5.99) | 0.92 |  |  |