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Table 1 Laser assisted LPN (WWI – with warm ischaemia time; WOI –Without ischaemia time)

From: Laser-supported partial laparoscopic nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma without ischaemia time

Study

Number of treated Patients

Tumor size (Ø)

Margin

Loss of blood

Ischaemia time (LPN)

Laser

Power

Mattioli et al. [20]

1/9*

35 mm*

negativ

260 ml*

WWI (<30 min)

RevoLix, 2 μm diode laser; 2013 nm wavelength; continuous wave mode

15 Watt

Lotan et al. [23]

3

25 mm **

negativ

500 ml**

WOI

Holmium-YAG- Laser

0,2 J/Puls with 60 Puls/min 0,4J/Puls with 55 Puls/min 0,8J7Puls with 40 Puls/min

Khoder et al. [18]

8/13***

33 mm***

8/8 negativ

20-600***

3 WWI (1 partial; 19 & 24 min) 5 WOI

diode laser, 1318 nm wavelength; continuous wave mode

45 – 70 Watt

Our Results

11

32 mm (8 – 45 mm)

negativ

75 (10-400 ml)

WOI

RevoLix 2 μm diode laser; 2013 nm wavelength; continuous wave mode

30 Watt (cutting) 15 Watt (coagulation)

  1. * study includes 9 patients – one laparoscopic and 8 open partial nephrectomies.
  2. ** only referring to the one case in which a renal tumor was found, the other LPN were performed on a renal cyst and a function-less pol of a kidney.
  3. *** 13 patients were treated with laser assisted techniques– 5 open partial nephrectomies and 8 LPN, laparoscopic procedures containing 3 retroperitoneoscopic and 5 transperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomies, in one open partial nephrectomy the tumor margin was found positiv.