Table 2 Characteristics of randomized included studies

Crook 2012 [9, 10](CIC-CTG PR.7 Trial)

Recurrent (after radiotherapy)

1386

<4 and not > 1 above the previous recorded value as monitored

>10

OS

6.9

Calais da Silva 2009/2011 [44, 45](SEUG Trial)

Locally advanced, metastatic

626

<4 ≤80% initial level

≥10 (symptomatic) or ≥20 (asymptomatic) ≥20% above nadir value

TTP

4.75

Hussain 2013 [8, 55](SWOG 9346 Trial)

Metastatic

1535

≤4

≥20 or ≥10 or symptoms

OS

9.2

Salonen 2012/2013 [11, 12](FinnProstate Trial VII)

Locally advanced, metastatic or recurrent (after radiotherapy or prostatectomy)

554

<10 >50% (PSA < 20)

PSA or CP

TTP

5.4

Tunn 2012 [1, 46, 47](EC507 Trial)

Recurrent (after prostatectomy)

201

≤0.5

≥3 or when was CP

Time to androgen-independent

2.4

De Leval 2002 [51]

Locally advanced, metastatic or recurrent (after prostatectomy)

68

≤4

≥10

Time to androgen- independent

2.7

Langenhuijsen 2008/2011 [52, 53] (TULP Trial)

Locally advanced or metastatic

193

<4

≥10 (M0) ≥20 (M1)

TTP

2.58

Miller 2007 [56]

Locally advanced or metastatic

335

<4

-

TTP

NR

≤90% initial level

Mottet 2012 [50](TAP 22 Trial)

Metastatic and PSA ≥ 20 ng/ml

173

< 4

≥10 or CP

OS

3.7

Verhagen 2008/2013 [48, 49]

Asymptomatic metastatic

258

Good or moderate response

PSA or CP

Quality of life

NR

Hering 2000 [54]

Metastatic

43

0.4

≥10 (initial ≤20)

TTP and adverse events

4

± 50% initial (initial > 20)

Irani 2008 [57]

Locally advanced or metastatic

129

6 months

6 months

Quality of life and TTP

5

Silva 2013 [58](SEUG 9901 Trial)

Locally advanced or metastatic

918

< 4

≥20 or CP

OS

5.5