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Table 1 Clinical details and histopathology findings of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients in whom bladder biopsies showed positive immunostaining for cytokeratin-20 (CK-20)

From: A study of cytokeratin 20 immunostaining in the urothelium of neuropathic bladder of patients with spinal cord injury

Immuno Number

Age

Year of SCI

Level of SCI C: Cervical T: Thoracic L: Lumbar

Method of bladder drainage

Histology

Distribution of CK-20 Immuno-staining

14

34

1998

C-5

Indwelling urethral catheter

Moderate active chronic inflammation

Few umbrella cells

16

43

1975

C-6

Indwelling urethral catheter

Moderate non-specific chronic inflammation. Focal cystitis glandularis

Individual umbrella cells and intestinal metaplasia.

21

58

1998

T-7

Indwelling urethral catheter

Moderate chronic inflammation

Individual cells in transitional epithelium

23

64

1959

L-1

Clam cystoplasty Intermittent catheterisation

Moderate acute and chronic inflammation. Follicular cystitis

Few umbrella cells

30

44

1989

T-12

Indwelling urethral catheter

Moderate acute and chronic inflammation. Cystitis glandularis

Isolated cells in the superficial layer of transitional epithelium

37

23

1997

L-2

Intermittent catheterisation Haematuria

Patchy chronic inflammation. Patchy cystitis glandularis

Occasional umbrella cells.

44

70

1999

C-7

Indwelling urethral catheter

Moderate acute and chronic inflammation. Follicular cystitis

Individual umbrella cells

45

22

1996

C-6

Indwelling urethral catheter

Marked acute and chronic inflammation

Individual umbrella cells

53

23

1998

C-4

Indwelling urethral catheter

Severe acute and chronic inflammation. Follicular cystitis

Very few umbrella cells

6428/99

65

1991

C-4

Indwelling urethral catheter

Moderate active chronic inflammation. Papillary cystitis

Individual cells in transitional epithelium