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Table 4 Post-test probabilities (predictive values) of dipstick nitrites, leucyte-esterase and combinations of both tests in population sub-groups and different settings, based on pooled sensitivities, pooled specificities and pooled pre-test probabilities (prevalences).

From: The urine dipstick test useful to rule out infections. A meta-analysis of the accuracy

  

Post-test probability (predictive value)

 

Pre-test Probability (prevalence)

Nitrites

Leucocyte-esterase

One or both positive

Both positive

Population

     

General population

.15

    

- Test +

 

.33

.27

.31

.89

- Test -

 

.90

.91

.94

.91

Children

.20

    

- Test +

 

.61

.34

.58

.66

- Test -

 

.88

.88

.95

.87

Pregnant women

.06

    

- Test +

 

.55

.10

.58

(.99)

- Test -

 

.97

.97

.95

(.96)

Elderly

.30

    

- Test +

 

.88

.47

.55

(.90)

- Test -

 

.89

.81

.90

(.86)

Surgery

.15

    

- Test +

 

.70

.27

.51

(.38)

- Test -

 

.92

.91

.97

(.94)

Urology

.15

    

- Test +

 

.78

.68

.54

 

- Test -

 

.93

.97

.98

 

Setting

     

Family physician

.55

    

- Test +

 

.84

.62

.76

 

- Test -

 

.61

.69

.84

 

Outpatient

.10

    

- Test +

 

.56

.22

.32

 

- Test -

 

.94

.94

.97

 

Inpatient

.15

    

- Test +

 

.41

.38

.38

 

- Test -

 

.92

.93

.95

 

Emergency

.15

    

- Test +

 

.62

.41

.41

 

- Test -

 

.92

.92

.98

 
  1. (): based on one study only.
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