Table 3 Results of subgroup analyses and accuracy of combinations of both tests of nitrites and leucocyte-esterase in urine dipsticks in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections or bacteriuria (subgroups of studies without information about the study characteristic at issue are not shown).

2

0.45 (0.00–1.00)

0.62 (0.00–1.00)

4 (0.8 – 15)

11

0.67 (0.53–0.87)

0.78 (0.73–0.84)

12 (7 – 23)

27

0.80 (0.76–0.86)

0.80 (0.76–0.84)

25 (17 – 38)

12

0.75 (0.61–0.93)

0.70 (0.63–0.78)

12 (6 – 22)

9

0.83 (0.78–0.89)

0.85 (0.79–0.91)

46 (23 – 95)

5

0.68 (0.58–0.78)

0.87 (0.81–0.92)

17 (10 – 30)

4

0.82 (0.74–0.92)

0.71 (0.55–0.71)

16 (8 – 34)

2

0.86 (0.84–0.88)

0.86 (0.84–0.87)

43 (22 – 85)

3

0.88 (0.76–1.00)

0.87 (0.83–0.91)

52 (48 – 56)

2

0.90 (0.89–0.92)

0.65 (0.61–0.69)

18 (13 – 25)

13

0.75 (0.69–0.82)

0.82 (0.77–0.87)

18 (12 – 27)

1

0.92 (0.86–0.98)

0.83 (0.81–0.85)

54 (25 – 117)

19

0.79 (0.69–0.91)

0.77 (0.70–0.84)

25 (14 – 46)

11

0.73 (0.58–0.91)

0.75 (0.78–0.82)

13 (7 – 25)

24

0.81 (0.77–0.87)

0.79 (0.73–0.85)

28 (18 – 44)

26

0.79 (0.71–0.87)

0.77 (0.72–0.82)

21 (13 – 33)

6

0.73 (0.61–0.87)

0.86 (0.81–0.91)

24 (12 – 50)

1

0.78 (0.69–0.88)

0.97 (0.96–0.97)

102 (77 – 136)

1

0.45 (0.29–0.61)

0.62 (0.50–0.74)

1 (0.6 – 3)

3

0.31 (0.16–0.60)

0.96 (0.93–0.99)

14 (5 – 41)

12

0.44 (0.32–0.60)

0.96 (0.92–1.00)

75 (31 – 185)

3

0.45 (0.27–0.75)

0.99 (0.98–1.00)

15 (7 – 32)

6

0.46 (0.30–0.71)

0.94 (0.94–0.94)

151 (51 – 448)

1

0.17 (0.02–0.32)

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

429 (22 – 8210)

1

0.63 (0.41–0.85)

0.98 (0.92–1.00)

89 (14 – 70)

1

0.72 (0.64–0.80)

0.77 (0.74–0.80)

9 (6 – 13)

1

0.47 (0.37–0.57)

0.99 (0.97–1.00)

72 (13 – 394)