Table 1 Socio-clinical characteristics of male circumcision cases included in the review

Bailey et al [17]

Randomized controlled trial

HIV infection

8 days

bleeding, infection

Kiwanuka et al [18]

Randomized controlled trial

Not reported

6 weeks

Not reported

Okeke at al [19]

Non medical reasons

Not reported

Not reported

redundant foreskin, excessive skin, skin bridges, amputation of glans, buried penis, hemorrhage

Auvert et al [20]

Randomized controlled trial

Any contraindication to MC and HIV infection

1 month

pain, excessive bleeding, infection, damage to penis, anesthetic complications, excessive skin removal, insufficient skin removal, delayed healing, cosmetic concerns, problems with urination

Krieger et al [21]

Randomized controlled trial

Any medical contraindications to MC e.g. paraphimosis, Significant phimosis, recurrent balanitis, history of bleeding, keloid formation

30 days

infections, bleeding, delayed healing, disrupted wound, swelling, anesthetic, erectile dysfunction

Okafor et al [22]

Feasibility study of MC

Lack of parental consent, preterm birth, congenital anomalies, low APGAR score, history of neonatal jaundice in a sibling, jaundice at birth

1 year

None

Osuigwe et al [23]

Parental request

None reported

6 weeks

bleeding, incomplete circumcision, meatal stenosis, urethral laceration

Shittu and Shokunbi [24]

socio-cultural

None

not reported

bleeding

Manji [25]

socio-cultural, religious

none

not specified

infection, bleeding, haematoma

Magoha [26]

cultural, religious, phimosis, paraphimosis, urinary infection, acute infection, hygienic reasons, enhanced sexual sensation, preputial cyst

None reported

Not reported

wound infection, hemorrhage, retention of urine, penile edema, haematoma, scrotal laceration, wound dehiscence, glans injury, meatal stenosis