From: Flexible ureteroscopy training for surgeons using isolated porcine kidneys in vitro
Indications | |
---|---|
Flexible Ureteroscopy | holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy for treatment |
diagnostic ureteroscopy | |
patients with hematuria but CT and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) negative result | |
solitary kidney | |
hard to percutaneous nephroscope lithotripsy | |
kidney stone less than 2 cm in diameter | |
etc. |