Table 3 Pre- and intraoperative mean dose rates during SLN procedure (2-day protocol) with a 150 MBq Tc-99 m nanocolloid at various distances to the radiation source/patient

Preoperatively

 Directly on the injection needle (0 cm)

200

 Hands of nuclear medicine physician (10 cm)

100

 Position of nuclear medicine physician (30 cm)

10

 Position assisting staff (50 cm)

2

Intraoperatively (prior to resection of the tumour)

 Hands of surgeon (10 cm)

20

 Surgeon (30 cm)

2.2

 Surgical staff/physician (50 cm)

0.5

 Anesthetist (200 cm)

0.13

Intraoperatively (after resection of the tumour)

 Directly on the sample (0 cm)

15

 Hands of surgeon (10 cm)

1.5

 Surgeon (30 cm)

1.1

 Surgical staff/physician (50 cm)

0.3