| Studies | Overall OR (95 % CI) | I2; p | P value | p (Egger’s test) | Patients | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Male | Female |
 | 5 | 1.46 (0.99–2.15) | 0.0 %; 0.496 | 0.053 | 0.085 | 437 | 163 |
Grade | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | High-grade | Low-grade |
 | 4 | 2.22 (1.43–3.43) | 0.0 %; 0.641 | <0.001 | 0.613 | 169 | 284 |
Stage | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | MIBC | NMIBC |
 | 5 | 3.42 (1.72–6.80) | 59.0 %; 0.045 | <0.001 | 0.279 | 174 | 345 |
Number | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Multiple | Single |
 | 5 | 1.45 (1.03–2.04) | 0.0 %; 0.779 | 0.032 | 0.038 | 319 | 281 |