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Table 2 Patient operative history and treatment measures before AUS implantation

From: Artificial urinary sphincter implantation: an important component of complex surgery for urinary tract reconstruction in patients with refractory urinary incontinence

Number of patients (N = 32)

Etiology

Previous procedures (Times)

Least treatment to AUS interval (Yrs)

Our treatment before AUS

Complications

Management

1

PFUI

Upl,Spl,USD,USI

21

USD

none

none

2

PFUI

Upl,RV

0.5

cystoscopy*

none

none

3

NB

spondylolysis

none

cystoscopy

dysuria

revision

4

NB

Cty

3

Sty + AC

infection, erosion

explantation

5

1st time

NB

Cty

1

Sty

RI

revision explantation

2nd time

AUS(RI)

0.5

cuff removal

infection

6

PFUI

Upl,Spl,USD,USI

2

Sty

RI, erosion

explantation

7

1st time

PFUI

Upl,USI(2),MS

10

USD

erosion, infection

revision

2nd time

AUS (erosion)

3

Cuff removal

Transcorporal implantations

none

8

PFUI

Upl,USD,USI

0.7

USD

none

none

9

NB

spondylolysis

13

USD,AC

none

none

10

PPI

TURP,USD

2

cystoscopy

none

none

11

NB

Spondylolysis

20

cystoscopy

none

none

12

PFUI

Upl,Spl,USI(2)

20

USD

none

none

13

PFUI

Upl,Spl,USD

1

USI

none

none

14

PPI

TURP,Upl,USI(2)

20

USI

none

none

15

PFUI

Upl,Spl,USI

3

Sty

none

none

16

PFUI

Upl,USI(2),US,MS

14

USI

none

none

17

PFUI

Upl,USI(2),Cty

1

USD

none

none

18

NB

Upl,Spl,USD

9

USD + AC

none

none

19

1st time

PFUI

Upl,USI

10

cystoscopy

fluid leakage

revision

2nd time

AUS(mechanical failure)

one month

device removal

none

none

20

PFUI

Upl,Spl,USD,USI(2)

30

Sty

none

none

21

PFUI

Upl,USD,USI

18

cystoscopy

none

none

22

PPI

RP

3

cystoscopy

none

none

23

PPI

TURP,USD

3

cystoscopy

none

none

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

PFUI

NB

PFUI

NB

PFUI

PFUI

NB

PFUI

PPI

USD,USI

Upl,USI(2),US,USD

Upl

USD

Upl,USD(2),USI,Spl

Upl,Spl,USI(2)

USD

Upl

RP

11

36

2

1

10

2

2

1

1

cystoscopy

cystoscopy

cystoscopy

cystoscopy

cystoscopy

cystoscopy

Sty

cystoscopy

cystoscopy

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

none

  1. Cystoscopy was routinely performed to identify the severity of urethra strictures. If the stricture was asymptomatic or not progressive within at least 12 months, and if the post-void residual volume (< 50 ml) and Qmax were acceptable, then the AUS device was implanted with the maintenance of the current stricture. PFUI pelvic fracture-associated urethral injuries, NB neurogenic bladder, PPI post-prostatectomy incontinence, Upl urethroplasty, Sty sphincterotomy, Spl sphincteroplasty, Cty cystostomy, RV reconstruction of the vagina, RI recurrent incontinence, USD urethral stricture dilation, USI urethral stricture incision, AC augmentation cystoplasty, MS male sling, TURP transurethral resection of the prostate, RP radical prostatectomy, US urethral stent