Table 1 Summary of studies describing BOO-induced detrusor morphological alterations
Author, year | Study design | Subjects in the case group (n) | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|
Gosling, 1980 [15] | Case control | 9 | • ↑ intrafascicular and interfascicular collagen • ↓ SMCs diameter |
Gilpin, 1985 [10] | Case control | 14 | • ↑connective tissue infiltration of some smooth muscle bundles in 12/14 patients • ↑ SMCs mean profile area |
Elbadawi, 1993 [12] | Case control | 7 | • ↓ intermediate cell junctions • ↑intrafascicular collagen and elastic fibers • ↑ SMCs hypertrophy • ↑ SMCs and axons degeneration in patients with impaired detrusor contractility |
Inui, 1999 [19] | Case control | 26 | • Significant positive linear relationship between C/M and estimated bladder weight in patients with bladder weight ≥ 60 g • ↑ C/M in patients with bladder weight ≥ 60 g |
Tse, 2000 [13] | Case control | 9 | • Myohypertrophy pattern in all cases |
Brierly, 2003 [14] | Case control | 12 | • Myohypertrophy pattern in 8/10 BOO patients. • Degenerative pattern in 4/10 BOO patients. |
Holm, 2003 [22] | Case control | 25 | • Significant correlation between intra- and interfascicular elastin and BOO degree |
Mirone, 2004 [15] | Case control | 36 | • ↑collagen content in BPO patients with respect to controls • ↑collagen content in patients with severe symptoms |
Horn, 2004 [44] | Observational | 54 | • Correlation between abnormal morphology and impaired bladder compliance and decreased capacity |
Collado, 2006 [11] | Case control | 33 | • ↑ intrafascicular and interfascicular collagen • ↑ intrafascicular fibrosis in BOO patients with history of AUR • ↑ SMCs diameter in BOO patients with respect to controls • Not significant differences in terms of SMCs diameter between BOO patients with and without AUR history • Positive correlation between SMCs diameter and symptoms duration |
Rubinstein, 2007 [18] | Case control | 10 | • ↑ collagen and elastic fibers |
Blatt, 2012 [16] | Case control | 17 | • Poor post-TURP voiding outcome in patients with detrusor ultrastructural pattern characterized by variable muscle cell size, muscle cell shape, abnormal fascicle arrangement and collagenosis. |
Bellucci, 2017 [21] | Case control | 19 | • ↑ C/M • Significant negative correlation between C/M and bladder compliance • Significant correlation between the probability of urinary retention and C/M |
Averbeck, 2017 [20] | Observational | 38 | • ↑ C/M in patients with PVR ≥ 200 mL and in those with reduced bladder compliance |