Table 2 Summary of studies evaluating BOO-induced molecular alterations and related cellular events in human detrusor
Author, year | Experimental conditions | Molecular alteration | Cellular events |
|---|---|---|---|
Backhaus, 2002 [34] | HBSMCs exposed to HP (0.3, 20 and 40 cm H2O) for 1, 3, 7 and 24 h | ↓ MMP-1, 2, 9 after exposure to 20 cm H2O for 7 h ↑TIMP-1 after exposure to 40 cm H2O 3, 7 and 24 h | |
Wang, 2013 [24] | HBSMCs exposed to HP (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 cm H2O) for 6, 12, 24 and 72 h | ↓expression of the gap junction connexin 43 under HP > 60 cm H2O for 24 h or HP > 40 cm H2O for 72 h. | |
Chen, 2012 [28] | HBSMCs exposed to CHP (0, 100, 200, and 300 cm H2O) | ↑ SGK1 expression and activity | ↑ proliferation in the 200 and 300 cm H2O groups |
Chen, 2014 [32] | HBSMCs exposed to CHP (0, 100, 200, and 300 cm H2O) | ↑ Skp2 expression and ↓ p27 expression under 200 and 300 cmH2O CHP | |
Wu, 2012 [31] | HBSMCs exposed to CHP (static, 100, 200, and 300 cm H2O) | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 and extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 activated by 200 and 300 cmH2O CHP | ↑proliferation under 200 and 300 cmH2O CHP |
Preis, 2015 [27] | HBSMCs exposed to HP of 136 cm H2O for 1 h | ↑ expression of PDGFR α and β | ↑ proliferation |
Sun, 2016 [29] | HBSMCs exposed to CHP up to 200 cm H2O | ↑ miR-3180-5p | ↑ proliferation |
Sun, 2017 [30] | HBSMCs exposed to CHP up to 200 cm H2O | ↑ miR 4323 | ↑ proliferation |
Lee, 2006 [25] | HBSMCs exposed to HP (40 cm H2O) and/or acetylcholine for 24 h | Activation of muscarinic receptors | ↑ proliferation ↑ hypertrophy |
Lee, 2008 [26] | HBSMCs exposed to acetylcholine in the presence or absence of HP (10, 20, and 40 cm H2O) | ↑ M2 and M3 receptors expression | ↑ proliferation ↑ hypertrophy |
Yang, 2008 [23] | HBSMCs exposed to cyclic stretch with maximum of 15% strain magnitude at a frequency of 0.3 Hz for either 1 h or 24 h. | 30 genes upregulated and 59 downregulated after 1 h exposure 59 genes upregulated and 27 downregulated after 24 h exposure | |
Backhaus, 2002 [34] | HBSMCs exposed to HP (0.3, 20 and 40 cm H2O) | ↓ MMP-1, 2, 9 ↑TIMP-1 | |
Liang, 2017 [33] | HBSMCs exposed to HP (100, 200, or 300 cm H2O) and/or acetylcholine | ↑ IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein, and RANTES | |
Galvin, 2004 [7] | HBSMCs exposed to 1% O2tension for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h | ↑ HIF-1α ↑ VEGF ↑ p27kip1 | ↓ proliferation |
Wiafe, 2017 [35] | HBSMCs exposed to 3% O2tension for 2, 24, 48, and 72 h | ↑ HIF1α, HIF2α, and HIF3α ↑VEGF ↑TGFβ1 ↑CTGF ↑ collagens 1, 2, 3, 4 ↑ fibronectin ↑aggrecan ↑TIMP ↑ α-smooth muscle actin ↑vimentin, ↑desmin ↑TNFα, IL 1β, and IL 6 ↓ IL-10 | |
Boopathi , 2011 [38] | Bladder samples from subjects with BOO and controls | ↑ expression of GATA-6 in cases ↓ Caveolin-1 expression | |
Koritsiadis, 2008 [36] | Bladder samples from subjects scheduled for BPE-surgery and controls | ↑ HIF-1α expression in stromal cells between muscle bundles and in connective tissue beneath the mucosal layer | |
Barbosa, 2017 [37] | Bladder samples from subjects with obstructive BPE and controls | ↑ collagens I and III ↓ MMP-9 and TIMP-1 ↑VEGF ↓ CD105 | |
Gheinani, 2017 [43] | Bladder samples from subjects with different states of urodynamic defined BOO-induced bladder dysfunction | Progressive increase in the number of altered mRNA and miRNAs from the detrusor overactive to the obstruction group to the underactive detrusor groups |