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Table 4 Perioperative complications characteristics

From: Perioperative outcomes of zero ischemia radiofrequency ablation-assisted tumor enucleation for renal cell carcinoma: results of 182 patients

Complications

No. patients

Intraoperative complications

3

 Blood loss requiring transfusion

2

 Conversion

1

Postoperative complications

23

Clavien-Dindo Grade 1

13

 Pain

10

 Hematuria

2

 Renal infarction

1

Clavien-Dindo Grade 2

4

 Limited hematoma

1

 Postoperative Fever

3

Clavien-Dindo Grade 3a

6

 Urinary leakage (stent)

5

 Perinephric urinoma (drainage)

1