Variable | Asymptomatic bacteriuria | Urinary tract Infection | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Studies (Na) | Sample (N) | Heterogeneity | 95%CIb | Pooled prevale nce (%) | Studies (N) | Sample (N) | Heterogeneity | 95%CI | Pooled prevalence (%) | |||
I2 | P-Value | I2 | P-Value | |||||||||
Region | ||||||||||||
 Center | 17 | 9724 | 90.01 | <  0.001 | 5.8–9.4 | 7.4 | 6 | 11,575 | 96.42 | <  0.001 | 6.7–13.8 | 9.7 |
 East | 6 | 3154 | 90.19 | <  0.001 | 10.3–18.6 | 13.9 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 North | 3 | 2560 | 98.08 | <  0.001 | 3.9–22.1 | 9.7 | 6 | 9334 | 94.77 | <  0.001 | 8.2–15.6 | 11.4 |
 South | 1 | 389 | – | – | 3.3–7.8 | 5.1 | 3 | 24,165 | 97.55 | <  0.001 | 3.9–13.1 | 7.2 |
 West | 4 | 4482 | 68.68 | 0.023 | 6.6–9.6 | 8.0 | 2 | 3657 | 99.04 | <  0.001 | 3.1–32.4 | 11.0 |
Test for subgroup differences: Q = 17.07, df(Q) = 4, P = 0.002 | Test for subgroup differences: Q = 1.77, df(Q) = 3, P = 0.61 | |||||||||||
Province | ||||||||||||
 East Azarbaijan | 2 | 2050 | 92.25 | <  0.001 | 4.7–13.5 | 8.1 | 1 | 400 | – | – | 5.3–10.5 | 7.5 |
 Isfahan | 6 | 3195 | 91.29 | <  0.001 | 3.1–8.8 | 5.2 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Hamedan | 1 | 377 | – | – | 7.4–13.6 | 10.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Golestan | 1 | 900 | – | – | 2.6–5.2 | 3.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Khorasan Razavi | 2 | 1400 | 0 | 0.78 | 8.6–11.8 | 10.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Kurdistan | 2 | 3005 | 40.25 | 0.19 | 7.1–9.6 | 8.3 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Tehran | 7 | 3472 | 85.23 | <  0.001 | 8.8–15.3 | 11.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Kerman | 1 | 323 | – | – | 19.7–29.1 | 24.1 | 1 | 850 | – | – | 10.3–14.7 | 12.3 |
 Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari | 1 | 864 | – | – | 4.7–13.5 | 8.1 | 1 | 864 | – | – | 7.1–10.9 | 8.8 |
 Markazi | 1 | 1736 | – | – | 5.2–7.5 | 6.3 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Fars | 1 | 389 | – | – | 3.3–7.8 | 5.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Semnan | 2 | 457 | 26.81 | 0.24 | 2.5–7.1 | 4.3 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Guilan | 1 | 710 | – | – | 18.3–24.3 | 21.1 | 1 | 330 | – | – | 19.3–28.5 | 23.6 |
 Sistan and Baluchestan | 3 | 1431 | 71.41 | 0.03 | 10.8–17.5 | 13.8 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 715 | – | – | 4.5–8.0 | 6.0 |
 Kermanshah | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | 3657 | 99.04 | <  0.001 | 3.1–32.4 | 11.0 |
 Alborz | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | 480 | 0 | 0.45 | 18.2–25.6 | 21.6 |
 Zanjan | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | 4114 | 98.11 | <  0.001 | 3.9–18.5 | 8.8 |
 Mazandaran | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | 6328 | 94.07 | <  0.001 | 3.2–14.6 | 7.0 |
 Ardebil | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 2496 | – | – | 8.6–10.9 | 9.7 |
 Yazd | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 5897 | – | – | 6.4–7.7 | 7.0 |
 Khuzestan | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 22,600 | – | – | 4.7–5.3 | 5.0 |
Test for subgroup differences: Q = 289.16, df(Q) = 13, P <  0.001 | Test for subgroup differences: Q = 491.83, df(Q) = 11, P <  0.001 | |||||||||||
Quality | ||||||||||||
 High | 19 | 12,500 | 94.19 | <  0.001 | 6.4–10.6 | 8.3 | 11 | 45,355 | 98.42 | <  0.001 | 6.4–11.5 | 8.6 |
 Moderate | 12 | 7809 | 92.25 | <  0.001 | 7.1–12.1 | 9.3 | 6 | 3376 | 93.11 | <  0.001 | 8.7–17.6 | 12.5 |
Test for subgroup differences: Q = 0.42, df(Q) = 1, P = 0.51 | Test for subgroup differences: Q = 2.45, df(Q) = 1, P = 0.11 |