Fig. 4

Relative gene expression in the urothelium from German Landrace pigs (“Tissue”) as well as derived UCs (“P0-P3”) (n = 3). All enzymes/transporters (a) as well as receptors (b) relevant for anticholinergic therapy were down-regulated during repeated passaging, with the exception of M4. In particular, expression levels of OCT2 and M1 dramatically dropped to nearly undetectable levels. GAPDH expression was used for normalization. * Significant down-regulation compared to tissue with p < 0.05