Which is the best treatment of pediatric upper urinary tract stones among extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery: a systematic review

Table 1 Summary of publications included in the meta-analysis

Study	Study period	Country	Study design	Cases, n			LE	Study quality
Study	Study period	Country	Study design	SWL	PCNL	RIRS	LE	Study quality
Zeng et al [15]	2005–2011	China	RCCS	22	24	–	3b	6^b
Wadhwa et al [16]	2005–2005	India	PCCS	8	6	–	3b	5^b
Kumar et al [17]	2012–2013	India	RCT	106	106	–	2b	3^a
Hatipoglu et al [18]	2010–2012	Turkey	RCCS	108	37	–	3b	6^b
Shokeir et al [19]	1995–2004	Egypt	RCCS	91	75	–	3b	6^b
ElSheemy et al [20]	2010–2014	Egypt	RCCS	64	54	–	3b	6^b
Mokhless et al [21]	3 months follow-up	Egypt	RCT	30	–	30	2b	3^a
Freton et al [22]	2000–2014	France	RCCS	100	–	46	3b	5^b
Resorlu et al [23]	2008–2011	Turkey	MRCCS	–	106	95	3b	6^b
Saad et al [24]	2011–2014	Egypt	RCT	–	20	18	2b	2^a
Bas et al [25]	2011–2015	Turkey	RCCS	–	45	36	3b	6^b
Sen et al [26]	2015–2016	Turkey	RCCS	–	25	23	3b	5^b
Pelit et al [27]	2013–2016	Turkey	RCCS	–	45	32	3b	6^b

a.Modified Jadad scale (score from 0 to 7); b. Newcastle-Ottawa scale (score from 0 to 9). SWL Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, PCNL Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, RIRS Retrograde intrarenal surgery, LE Level of evidence, RCCS Retrospective case control study, PCCS Prospective case control study, RCT Randomized control trail, MRCCS Multicenter retrospective case control study

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