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Table 1 Comparison of baseline information between patients who did not undergo angioembolization and patients who underwent angioembolization after percutaneous nephrolithotomy

From: Critical causes in severe bleeding requiring angioembolization after percutaneous nephrolithotomy

 

No AE

AE

p value

Number of cases

32

21

 

Sex

  

0.048a

 Male

14/32 (43.8%)

15/21 (71.4%)

 

 Female

18/32 (56.3%)

6/21 (28.6%)

 

Age (years)

58.9 ± 12.2

61.3 ± 13.9

0.511b

BMI (kg/m2)

23.6 ± 3.3

23.6 ± 3.8

0.977b

ASA classification

  

0.371a

 Class I

7/32 (21.9%)

6/21 (28.6%)

 

 Class II

25/32 (78.1%)

14/21 (66.7%)

 

 Class III

0/32 (0.0%)

1/21 (4.8%)

 

 Class IV

0/32 (0.0%)

0/21 (0.0%)

 

Stone laterality

  

0.538a

 Right

14/32 (43.8%)

11/21 (52.4%)

 

 Left

18/32 (56.3%)

10/21 (47.6%)

 

Stone location

  

0.124c

 Upper

0/32 (0.0%)

0/21 (0.0%)

 

 Middle

1/32 (3.1%)

0/21 (0.0%)

 

 Lower

2/32 (6.3%)

3/21 (14.3%)

 

 Pelvis

3/32 (9.4%)

6/21 (28.6%)

 

 Multiple

26/32 (81.3%)

12/21 (57.1%)

 

Stone size (cm)

3.2 ± 1.5

3.3 ± 1.6

0.927d

Staghorn stone

19/32 (59.4%)

9/21 (42.9%)

0.272a

Guy’s stone score

  

0.423a

 Grade I

3/32 (9.4%)

5/21 (23.8%)

 

 Grade II

10/32 (31.3%)

5/21 (23.8%)

 

 Grade III

15/32 (46.9%)

10/21 (47.6%)

 

 Grade IV

4/32 (12.5%)

1/21 (4.8%)

 

Hounsfield unit

976 ± 265

1103 ± 369

0.150b

Hydronephrosis

  

0.615a

 None

8/32 (25.0%)

5/21 (23.8%)

 

 Mild

23/32 (71.9%)

14/21 (66.7%)

 

 Severe

1/32 (3.1%)

2 /21 (9.5%)

 

Pre-operative PCN

  

0.374c

 Not done

30/32 (93.8%)

18/21 (85.7%)

 

 Done

2/32 (6.3%)

3/21 (14.3%)

 
  1. AE angioembolization, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, UPJ ureteropelvic junction, IPA infundibulopelvic angle, PCN percutaneous nephrostomy
  2. Results of continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation
  3. aChi-square
  4. bUnpaired t-test
  5. cFisher’s exact test
  6. dMann Whitney test