Table 2 Complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy classified according the modified Clavien system

 Nephrostomy tube displacement

0

1

–

 Transient fever < 38 °C

10

10

–

 bleeding requiring transfusion

2

3

–

 Nonseptic infections requiring additional antibiotics

5

4

 Grade 3 a

 Bleeding requiring embolization

1

2

 Grade 4

–

–

–

 Grade 5

–

–

–

 Overall (N, %)

18/95 (18.9%)

19/95 (20.0%)

0.827