Primary pure angiosarcoma of the testis: a vanishingly rare malignancy. Case report and literature review

Walravens-Evans, J.; Yao, M.; Grannò, S.; Arul, D.; Chitale, S.

doi:10.1186/s12894-020-00747-7

BMC Urology

Table 4 Disease progression, treatment and misdiagnosis of all known cases of AS-GCT

From: Primary pure angiosarcoma of the testis: a vanishingly rare malignancy. Case report and literature review

Case	Diagnosis				Treatment after angiosarcoma developed		Outcome at follow-up (time interval)
Case	Primary testicular diagnosis	Metastatic sites (tumour diagnosis)	Risk factors for angiosarcoma	Misdiagnosis	Chemotherapy	Surgery	Outcome at follow-up (time interval)
Primary angiosarcoma in germ cell tumour
Malagón et al. [15]	Mature teratoma, yolk sac tumour, angiosarcoma	Retroperitoneum (N/A)	No	No	Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin	N/A	Alive with mets (8 months)
Malagón et al. [15]	Mature teratoma, angiosarcoma	Lungs, LNs (MT, AS)	No	No	Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin	N/A	Alive with mets (72 months)
Sahoo et al. [23]	Mature teratoma	Retroperitoneum (MT, AS), liver (AS), lungs, pleura (AS), retroperitoneal LNs (AS)	No	Yes, met: MT with epithelioid AS diagnosed as MT with embryonal carcinoma	Thalidomide	Resection, LND	Alive with mets (22 months)
Sahoo et al. [23]	Mature teratoma		No		Cisplatin and Gemcitabine	Resection, LND	Alive with mets (22 months)
Steele et al. [22]	Mature teratoma, epithelioid angiosarcoma	Lungs (AS), renal hilum (AS), pre-aortic, interaortocaval and renal hilar LNs (AS)	No	Yes, primary: MT with epithelioid AS diagnosed as MT with embryonal carcinoma	Cisplatin, Etoposide and Bleomycin	Resection, RPLND	Alive with recurrent mets
Steele et al. [22]	Mature teratoma, epithelioid angiosarcoma		No		Ifosfamide and Doxorubicin	Resection, RPLND	Alive with recurrent mets
Hughes et al. [20]	Mature teratoma, angiosarcoma	No	No	No	No	No	Alive with no mets (9 months)
Therapy-related angiosarcoma in germ cell tumour
Idrees et al. [7]	Mature teratoma, seminoma, yolk sac tumour	Lungs (MT), retroperitoneum (MT), para-iliac, para-caval and retrocrural LNs (MT), LNs near thoracic duct (MT), posterior mediastinum (AS)	Cisplatin, Etoposide and Bleomycin (40 months)	No	No	6 Resections over 4 years	Alive with no mets (58 months)
Idrees et al. [7]	Mature teratoma, seminoma, yolk sac tumour		Vinblastine, Ifosfamide and Cisplatin (40 months)	No	No	6 Resections over 4 years	Alive with no mets (58 months)
Lee et al. [21]	Seminoma	Paravertebral (AS), lungs (AS), thorax (AS), liver (AS)	RT (10 years)	No	MTX and leucovorin	Resections	Died (13 months after mets)
Lee et al. [21]	Seminoma	Paravertebral (AS), lungs (AS), thorax (AS), liver (AS)	Cisplatin, Vinblastine and Bleomycin (13 months)	No	MTX and leucovorin	Resections	Died (13 months after mets)
Ulbright et al. [6]	Mature teratoma	Retroperitoneum (MT), lungs, liver (AS), kidneys (AS), adrenals (AS), spleen (AS)	RT (5 years)	No	No	No	Died (5 years)
Ulbright et al. [6]	Mature teratoma		Cisplatin, Vinblastine and Bleomycin (5 years)	No	No	No	Died (5 years)

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