Table 1 Patients’ background and sex comparison of study population
Total (n = 370) | Male (n = 233) | Female (n = 137) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 57.5 ± 14.6 | 55.5 ± 14.7 | 60.9 ± 13.9 | 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4 ± 4.9 | 25.2 ± 4.7 | 23.2 ± 4.8 | 0.002 |
Age of onset (years) | 46.5 ± 16.7 | 44.5 ± 16.1 | 50.1 ± 17.5 | 0.01 |
Previous history of urolithiasis | 174 (53.7) | 122 (58.9) | 52 (44.4) | 0.02 |
Presence of symptoms at clinic visits | 216 (62.1) | 142 (64.3) | 74 (58.3) | 0.30 |
Family history of stone | 26 (22.2) | 16 (19.3) | 10 (29.4) | 0.23 |
DM | 50 (14.1) | 32 (14.3) | 18 (13.8) | 1.00 |
HLP | 94 (26.6) | 63 (28.3) | 31 (23.8) | 0.39 |
HTN | 109 (30.7) | 65 (29.0) | 44 (33.6) | 0.40 |
PHP | 11 (3.3) | 4 (1.9) | 7 (5.6) | 0.11 |
RTA | 3 (0.9) | 1 (0.5) | 2 (1.6) | 0.56 |
Fluid recommendation | 295 (82.9) | 193 (85.8) | 102 (77.9) | 0.12 |
Nutrition recommendation | 332 (93.3) | 211 (93.8) | 121 (92.4) | 0.84 |
Thiazide use | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 0.37 |
VitD supplementation | 4 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (3.1) | 0.02 |
BMD (g/cm2) | 0.91 ± 0.18 | 0.95 ± 0.17 | 0.84 ± 0.18 | < 0.001 |
T-score | − 1.00 ± 1.48 | − 0.58 ± 1.13 | − 1.71 ± 1.72 | < 0.001 |
Z-score | 0.40 ± 1.48 | 0.12 ± 1.23 | 0.86 ± 1.73 | < 0.001 |
Serum Ca (mg/dL) | 9.3 ± 0.4 | 9.3 ± 0.4 | 9.3 ± 0.5 | 0.44 |
Serum P (mg/dL) | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 3.5 ± 0.4 | < 0.001 |
Serum PTH (mg/dL) | 46.7 ± 22.9 | 44.5 ± 21.8 | 49.6 ± 24.2 | 0.16 |
Urinary pH | 6.50 [6.00, 7.00] | 6.50 [6.00, 7.00] | 6.75 [6.25, 7.25] | 0.01 |
Urinary volume (L/day) | 1.45 [1.05, 2.00] | 1.50 [1.10, 2.05] | 1.35 [1.00, 1.95] | 0.05 |
Hypercalciuria | 32 (8.6) | 23 (9.9) | 9 (6.6) | 0.34 |
Hyperphosphaturia | 35 (9.5) | 30 (12.9) | 5 (3.6) | 0.003 |
Hypernatriuria | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 0.37 |
Hyperoxaluria | 98 (26.5) | 71 (30.5) | 27 (19.7) | 0.03 |
Hypocitraturia | 203 (54.9) | 124 (53.2) | 79 (57.7) | 0.45 |
Urinary Ca (g/day) | 0.14 [0.09, 0.20] | 0.14 [0.09, 0.21] | 0.15 [0.09, 0.20] | 0.97 |
Urinary P (g/day) | 0.66 [0.50, 0.83] | 0.71 [0.54, 0.87] | 0.58 [0.41, 0.73] | < 0.001 |
Urinary Na (g/day) | 2.54 [1.84, 3.31] | 2.85 [1.98, 3.51] | 2.13 [1.65, 2.96] | < 0.001 |
Urinary Ox (mg/day) | 27.7 [20.6, 37.2] | 29.7 [22.8, 40.8] | 23.5 [16.9, 32.4] | < 0.001 |
Urinary Cit (mg/day) | 347 [209, 508] | 362 [216, 512] | 329 [204, 508] | 0.53 |