Fig. 1

a Microscopy slide shows the cellular nature of papillary RCC which contributes to these tumours showing diffusion restriction and the low ADC number. b ADC map demonstrates a papillary RCC in the left kidney with low/ dark signal and an ADC number of only 0.81. c Microscopy slide shows the cystic change that can be seen in clear cell RCCs which contributes to them having a higher ADC number than non-clear cell RCCs. d ADC map shows low to intermediate signal in the clear cell RCC in the R Kidney, with the signal lower than that of Oncocytomas but higher than non-clear cell RCCs. e The microscopy slide demonstrates oedema, a feature of Oncocytomas, the key characteristic which produces the free diffusion and high ADC number. f ADC map demonstrates high signal intensity in an Oncocytoma in the right kidney with an ADC number of 2.43