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Table 3 Univariable and multivariable analysis for respondents’ characteristic in relation to prevalence of nocturia

From: Prevalence of nocturia among community-dwelling adults: a population-based study in Malaysia

 

Univariate Analysis*

Multivariate Analysis*,#

OR (95% CI)

p value

OR (95% CI)

p value

Age group

 18–30

0.741 (0.658–0.835)

 < 0.001

1.161 (0.931–1.449)

0.185

 31–40

1.613 (1.383–1.880)

 < 0.001

1.909 (1.521–2.396)

 < 0.001

 41–50

0.642 (0.549–0.750)

 < 0.001

0.733 (0.592–0.908)

0.005

 51–60

1.073 (0.923–1.803)

0.358

Not included

–

 > 60

2.473 (1.891–3.234)

 < 0.001

2.027 (1.478–2.708)

 < 0.001

Sex

 Male

0.887 (0.789–0.998)

0.046

0.779 (0.687–0.884)

 < 0.001

 Female

1.127 (1.002–1.268)

0.046

–

–

Race

 Malay

2.235 (1.974–2.531)

 < 0.001

0.891 (0.569–1.396)

0.615

 Chinese

0.625 (0.556–0.703)

 < 0.001

0.471 (0.302–0.735)

0.001

 Indian

0.503 (0.423–0.599)

 < 0.001

0.336 (0.210–0.537)

 < 0.001

 Others

1.576 (1.023–2.427)

0.039

–

 

Employment status

 Student

0.814 (0.704–0.941)

0.005

1.154 (0.911–1.463)

0.235

 Employed for wages

1.139 (1.012–1.281)

0.031

1.141 (0.963–1.352)

0.129

 Self-employed

0.895 (0.727–1.101)

0.294

Not included

–

 Unemployed

1.086 (0.918–1.285)

0.336

Not included

–

Comorbidities

 Hypertension

3.093 (2.536–3.772)

 < 0.001

2.837 (2.281–3.530)

 < 0.001

 Diabetes mellitus

1.898 (1.558–2.312)

 < 0.001

1.783 (1.416–2.245)

 < 0.001

 Renal disease

4.512 (2.500–8.145)

 < 0.001

3.579 (1.933–6.625)

 < 0.001

 Heart failure

2.541 (0.936–6.900)

0.067

Not included

–

 Enlarged prostate

1.535 (0.896–2.627)

0.119

Not included

–

 Overactive bladder

1.459 (1.024–2.077)

0.036

1.606 (1.097–2.352)

0.015

 Prostate cancer

1.490 (0.372–5.966)

0.573

Not included

–

 Bladder cancer

1.490 (0.273–8.142)

0.645

Not included

–

 Snoring

1.160 (0.991–1.357)

0.064

Not included

–

  1. *Based on logistic regression analysis, the statistical significance level was 0.05; #Variables with an association of p < 0.05 were selected for a multivariable analysis; OR: Odd ratio; CI: Confidence interval; n = 4616
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BMC Urology

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