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Fig. 2 | BMC Urology

Fig. 2

From: Transvaginal natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) in 3D laparoscopic partial or radical nephrectomy: a preliminary study

Fig. 2

Surgical procedures of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. A Free fascial tissue of colon and abdominal cavity with ultrasound scalpel, and expose retroperitoneal tissue. B Peel off the lower part of Gerota fascia with an ultrasonic scalpel, free the ureter, clamp with Hem-o-lock clip and cut off the ureter. C, D Free along ureter and genital vein toward proximal end, expose renal vein, renal artery behind it, clip renal artery with 3 Hem-o-locks and cut it, renal veins were treated in the same way

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BMC Urology

ISSN: 1471-2490

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