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Table 1 Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses of patients with stricture recurrence after balloon dilation for stricture

From: A nomogram to predict stricture-free survival in patients with ureteral stricture after balloon dilation

Variable

Univariate Analysis

Multivariate Analysis

 

HR

95% CI

P value

HR

95% CI

P value

Nature of strictures

  

 < 0.001

  

 < 0.001

 Benignant

1(ref)

  

1(ref)

  

 Malignant

2.558

1.617–4.046

 < 0.001

3.044

2.457–3.771

 < 0.001

M–S hydronephrosis

  

0.017

   

 No

1(ref)

     

 Yes

1.657

1.090–2.519

0.018

   

Urinary nitrite (NIT)

  

0.020

  

0.041

 Negative

1(ref)

  

1(ref)

  

 Positive

2.146

1.195–3.853

0.011

1.915

1.489–2.461

 < 0.001

Urinary culture bacteria

  

0.043

   

 Negative

1(ref)

     

 Positive

1.882

1.064–3.327

0.030

   

CKD

  

0.001

  

0.005

 1

1(ref)

 

 < 0.001

1(ref)

  

 2

1.140

0.523–2.487

0.742

1.015

0.734–1.398

0.936

 3

2.055

0.953–4.432

0.066

1.460

0.966–2.206

0.006

 4

2.458

0.947–6.384

0.065

1.561

1.135–2.148

0.072

 5

5.021

1.975–12.764

0.001

4.120

2.806–6.049

 < 0.001

Urine leukocyte

  

0.035

   

 Negative

1(ref)

     

 Positive

1.722

1.007–2.945

0.047

   

Approach

  

0.028

   

 Retrgrade

1(ref)

 

0.028

   

 Antegrade

2.414

0.981–5.941

0.055

   

Location of stenosis

  

0.194

   

 Proximal

1(ref)

 

0.224

   

 Mid

0.592

0.325–1.080

0.087

   

 Distal

0.854

0.535–1.363

0.508

   

Balloon size

  

0.044

  

0.029

 F18

1(ref)

 

0.035

1(ref)

  

 F21

0.677

0.235–1.953

0.471

0.943

0.606–1.469

0.796

 F24

0.654

0.230–1.859

0.426

0.888

0.577–1.367

0.590

 F30

1.273

0.448–3.613

0.650

1.814

1.164–2.827

0.008

Dilatation time

  

0.026

   

 < 5 min

1(ref)

 

0.034

   

 5–10 min

0.573

0.324–1.014

0.056

   

 > 10 min

1.340

0.802–2.239

0.263

   

Operation side per patient

  

0.504

   

 Left

1(ref)

     

 Right

0.873

0.586–1.301

0.504

   

Stent retention time

  

 < 0.001

  

 < 0.001

  < 3 months

1(ref)

 

 < 0.001

1(ref)

  

 3–6 months

0.996

0.584–1.700

0.989

1.13

0.902–1.416

0.289

  > 6 months

3.302

2.015–5.412

 < 0.001

3.043

2.455–3.772

 < 0.001

Stent retention number

  

0.291

   

 1

1(ref)

     

 2

1.243

0.829–1.864

0.293

   
  1. M–S hydronephrosis moderate severe hydronephrosis, CKD chronic kidney disease, CI confidence intervals