Preoperative aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase ratio as a prognostic biomarker in primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a propensity score-matched study

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate cox proportional regression analysis for RFS in propensity score-matched cohorts

Variables	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
Variables	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age, n (%)
≤ 60 year	Ref		Ref
> 60 year	0.596 (0.402–0.884)	0.010*	0.713 (0.476–1.068)	0.101
Gender, n (%)
Female	Ref
Male	1.039 (0.631–1.712)	0.880
Smoking, n (%)	1.171 (0.792–1.730)	0.429
Tumor size
≤ 3 cm	Ref		Ref
> 3 cm	1.838 (1.168–2.892)	0.008*	1.879 (1.180–2.993)	0.008*
Tumor number, n (%)
Solitary	Ref		Ref
Multiple	1.428 (0.962–2.119)	0.077	1.728 (1.140–2.619)	0.010*
Re-TURBT, n (%)	0.399 (0.233–0.681)	0.001*	0.305 (0.177–0.526)	< 0.001*
Pathological stage, n (%)
pTa	Ref		Ref
pT1	1.659 (1.121–2.457)	0.011*	1.601 (1.036–2.474)	0.034*
Pathological grade, n (%)
LG or less	Ref		Ref
HG	1.301 (0.880–1.923)	0.187	1.336 (0.857–2.081)	0.201
Concomitant carcinoma in situ, n (%)	1.458 (0.814–2.614)	0.205
Type of intravesical therapy, n (%)
Early single instillation	Ref
Adjuvant chemotherapy or BCG	1.467 (0.633–3.401)	0.371
Combined therapy	1.611 (0.777–3.338)	0.200
AST/ALT ratio
Low	Ref		Ref
High	2.445 (1.620–3.691)	< 0.001*	2.865 (1.873–4.381)	< 0.001*

RFS, Recurrence-free survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; Ref, Reference; Re-TURBT, restaging transurethral resection of the bladder tumor; LG or less, low grade or papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential; HG, high grade; BCG, bacillus Calmette-Guerin
*Indicates P < 0.05

ISSN: 1471-2490