Diagnosis and treatment of anterior urethral strictures in China: an internet-based survey

BMC Urology

Table 2 Approach to preoperative evaluations for anterior urethral strictures and surgery-related experience of Chinese urologists

		No. of urologists	Percentage, %
Treatment strategy	Reconstructive ladder treatment strategy^a	965	76.2
Treatment strategy	Performance of a primary Urethroplasty^b if indicated	302	23.8
What methods do you usually use to diagnose anterior urethral strictures? (multiple choice)	Uroflowmetry	680	53.7
	Postvoid residual urine	548	43.3
	Urethroscopy	1076	84.9
	Urethrography	1143	90.2
	Urethral ultrasound	127	10.0
	Trial catheterization	699	55.2
	Trial urethral dilation	762	60.1
	Other	23	1.8
Which of the following procedures have you performed in the last year? (multiple-choice)	Urethral dilation	1170	92.3
	Internal urethrotomy	762	60.1
	Urethral anastomosis	573	45.2
	Skin-flap urethroplasty	189	14.9
	Free-graft urethroplasty	157	12.4
	Endourethral stent	136	10.7
	Perineal urethrostomy	142	11.2
	Urethral realignment	548	43.3
	Urethral meatotomy	427	33.7
	Other	11	0.9
No. of urethroplasties	0	384	30.3
	1–5	595	47.0
	6–10	175	13.8
	11–20	53	4.2
	> 20	60	4.7
Greatest concern when performing urethroplasty	Major hemorrhage during the operation	187	14.8
	Difficulty obtaining samples from the oral mucosa	281	22.2
	Trauma during oral mucous membrane sampling	135	10.7
	Difficulty obtaining genital skin flap from an	260	20.5
	unclear dissection	614	48.5
	Influencing sexual function	306	24.2
	Postoperative infection	632	49.9
	Urethral restenosis	1167	92.1
	Other	36	2.8

^aReconstructive ladder strategy Starting with minimally invasive procedures (including dilatation/urethrotomy) and only considering open urethroplasty after failure of the initial approach
^bUrethroplasty Urethral anastomosis, skin-flap urethroplasty, free-graft urethroplasty, urethral traction, perineal urethrostomy, urethral realignment, urethral meatotomy

ISSN: 1471-2490