Table 3 Cox proportional hazards analysis of factors associated with prostate cancer-cause specific survival in the pre-USPSTF era (2010–2012)
Sample size no. (%) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | |||
< 55 | 16,408 (10.77) | 1 (Referent) | |
55–70 | 91,149 (59.80) | 0.946 (0.814–1.101) | 0.474 |
> 70 | 44,859 (29.43) | 1.555 (1.334–1.811) | < 0.001 |
Insurance status | |||
Insured | 124,577 (92.64) | 1 (Referent) | |
Medicaid | 7,351 (5.47) | 1.309 (1.157–1.481) | < 0.001 |
Uninsured | 2,552 (1.90) | 1.256 (1.037–1.520) | 0.020 |
Race | |||
Non-Hispanic White | 102,334 (69.09) | 1 (Referent) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 23,540 (15.89) | 1.072 (0.971–1.183) | 0.167 |
Hispanic | 14,410 (9.73) | 0.953 (0.838–1.084) | 0.465 |
Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander | 7,320 (4.94) | 0.654 (0.542–0.789) | < 0.001 |
Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaskan Native | 505 (0.34) | 0.982 (0.542–1.777) | 0.951 |
PSA, ng/mL | |||
≤ 10 | 96,214 (74.06) | 1 (Referent) | |
10 < PSA ≤ 20 | 18,271 (14.06) | 1.403 (1.221–1.613) | < 0.001 |
> 20 | 15,421 (11.87) | 2.280 (2.017–2.578) | < 0.001 |
Biopsy Gleason Score | |||
≤ 6 | 63,638 (45.81) | 1 (Referent) | |
7 | 51,723 (37.23) | 2.036 (1.690–2.452) | < 0.001 |
≥ 8 | 23,560 (16.96) | 5.639 (4.701–6.765) | < 0.001 |
Stage | |||
Localized | 119,995 (82.09) | 1 (Referent) | |
Regional | 18,801 (12.86) | 2.478 (2.123–2.892) | < 0.001 |
Distant | 7,384 (5.05) | 12.634 (11.286–14.143) | < 0.001 |
Treatment | |||
No local therapy | 87,246 (57.24) | 1 (Referent) | |
Prostatectomy and/or radiotherapy | 65,170 (42.76) | 0.209 (0.176–0.250) | < 0.001 |