Table 1 Cases of renal schwannoma
Author | Year | Sex | Age (years) | Side | Location | Size (cm) | Malignancy | Symptom | Imaging features |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phillips [7] | 1955 | M | 56 | L | Hilum | 12 | No | Fever, chills, weight loss | A large, diffuse, smooth shadow on excretory and retrograde pyelography |
Fein [8] | 1965 | F | 51 | R | Hilum | 6 | No | Fever, chills, right flank pain, dysuria | Renal hypertrophy, pyelectasis and caliectasis on retrograde pyelography |
Bair [9] | 1978 | M | 56 | R | Hilum | 7 | No | Microscopic hematuria | Neovascularity within a solid mass on selective right renal arteriography |
Steers [10] | 1985 | F | 50 | R | Hilum | 9 | No | Microscopic hematuria | A noncalcified, cystic renal mass with hemorrhage and nerosis on CT; hypovascular exophytic mass on renal arteriography |
Somers [11] | 1988 | F | 55 | L | Parenchyma | 5 | No | Incidental finding | Solid mass on arteriography |
Kitagawa [12] | 1990 | M | 51 | L | Hilum | 2.8 | No | Epigastric pain, high fever | Hypoechoic mass on US; an extrinsic compression of the left renal pelvis and mild hydronephrosis on excretory pyelography; homogeneous tumor without enhanced on CT; isointense on T1WI, homogeneous hyperintense on T2WI |
Ma [13] | 1990 | M | 67 | R | Parenchyma | 8 | No | Epigastric pain | Renal hypertrophy on US; hypovascular tumor on arteriography |
Naslund [14] | 1991 | F | 50 | L | Parenchyma | 14 | Yes | Mild abdominal discomfort,decreased appetite, weight loss | – |
Romics [15] | 1992 | M | 52 | R | Capsule | A large invasve mass | Yes | Back and the right flank pain, recurrent fever | Extensive, cystic-necrotic space occupation in the right kidney on imaging techniques |
Singer [16] | 1996 | F | 70 | L | Hilum | 6 | No | Asymptomatic | Extrinsic compression of the upper and middle infundibula on excretory pyelography; soft tissue mass with moderate enhancement on CT; slightly hypointense on T1WI, slightly hyperintense on T2WI |
Alvarado-Cabrero [17] | 2000 | F | 18 | R | Parenchyma | 6.2 | No | Flank pain | – |
Alvarado-Cabrero [17] | 2000 | F | 40 | L | Parenchyma | 12.5 | No | Flank pain | – |
Alvarado-Cabrero [17] | 2000 | M | 45 | L | Parenchyma | 16 | No | Flank and abdominal pain | – |
Tsurusaki [18] | 2001 | F | 69 | L | Capsule | – | No | Incidental finding | Severe extrinstic compression of the left ureter on excretory pyelography; heterogeneous hypoechoic mass on US; low-attenuation area with moderately enhanced rim on CT; hypointense on T1WI, slightly hyperintense on T2WI |
Cachay [19] | 2003 | F | 74 | R | Parenchyma | 9 | Yes | – | An unique, well-demarcated, round hypodense mass on CT |
Singh [20] | 2005 | M | 40 | L | Pelvis | 3 | No | Left renal colicky pain | A soft tissue mass on US; enhancing mass compresses the pelvis of the left kidney on CT |
Singh [20] | 2005 | M | 35 | R | Hilum | – | No | Fank pain, hematuria | A heterogenous mass on US; enhancing mass compresses the renal parenchyma and pelvis on CT |
Umphrey [21] | 2007 | F | 63 | R | Parenchyma | 7 | No | Hypertension and hot flashes | A markedly hypoechoic mass with lobulation and septations on US; a lower attenuation large lobulated mass with a few faint calcifications and slight enhancement on CT |
Hung [22] | 2007 | F | 36 | L | Parenchyma | 7.3 | No | Low-grade fever | Homogeneous isointense on T1WI, homogeneous hyperintense on T2WI, enhancement of outer rim of tumor on gadolinium-enhanced T1WI |
Gobbo [23] | 2008 | F | 59 | L | Hilum | 4.8 | No | Asymptomatic | – |
Gobbo [23] | 2008 | F | 27 | R | Parenchyma | 8.5 | No | Incidental finding | – |
Gobbo [23] | 2008 | F | 35 | L | Hilum | 7 | No | Abdominal pain, nausea | – |
Chen [24] | 2010 | M | 34 | R | Hilum | 2.6 | No | Hematuria | Solid mass on US; the edge of right renal calices was irregular on excretory pyelography; solid mass with slight enhancement on CT |
Nayyar [25] | 2011 | F | 44 | R | Hilum | 10 | No | Flank pain, nausea, vomiting | A large cystic area with large extrarenal pelvis and gross hydronephrosis on US, CT and excretory pyelography |
Yang [26] | 2012 | F | 40 | L | Pelvic | 6.8 | No | Flank pain | A low-attenuated, lobulated, and minimally enhanced on CT; on retrograde pyelography, the left ureteropelvic junction was kinked, the upper calyces were obliterated, and the calyx was filled with an irregular collection of contrast |
Wang [27] | 2013 | M | 66 | L | Parenchyma | 2.7 | No | Intermittent painless gross hematuria | A solid mass on CT |
Mikkilineni [28] | 2013 | F | 36 | R | Parenchyma | 4.6 | No | Fever, malaise, right flank discomfort, nignt sweat, hematuria | A complex cystic leision on US; a complex cystic leision with thick, irregular, nodular rim of enhancement on CT |
Verze [3] | 2014 | M | 59 | R | Parenchyma | 15 | Yes | Incidental finding | A mass with a large central necrosis on CT |
Yong [29] | 2015 | F | 55 | R | Pelvic | 5.1 | No | Colicky pain, microscopic haematuria | A soft tissue density lesion with mildly enhancement on CT; |
Hall [30] | 2015 | F | 73 | L | Hilum | 4.9 | No | Vague abdominal pain | An echo poor mass on US; smooth filling defect affecting the renal pelvic on retrograde pyelography |
Kumano [31] | 2015 | M | 73 | R | Hilum | 3.5 | No | – | The tumor was poorly enhanced on CT; MRI showed that the inside was uniform on T1WI and heterogeneous contrast on T2WI |
Herden [32] | 2015 | M | 60 | R | Parenchyma | 11 | No | Incidental finding, asymptomatic | A polycystic, centrally hypodense space-occupying mass with rim of enhancement on CT |
Herden [32] | 2015 | F | 69 | R | Hilum | 6.5 | No | Microscopic hematuria | A tumorous space-occupying process with partially central colliquations, compressing the vena cava on CT |
Vidal [33] | 2020 | M | 66 | R | Parenchyma | 3.5 | No | Incidental finding | A focal solid mass on US and CT |
Wang [34] | 2020 | F | 56 | L | Hilum | 11.5 | No | Left lower back pain | A massive tumor with soft tissue density and inhomogeneous enhancement on CT |
Dahmen [35] | 2021 | M | 47 | R | Hilum | 12 | No | Flank pain | Enhancing large right renal mass with no filling defect of the renal pelvis on CTU |
Present | 2021 | F | 46 | R | Parenchyma | 20.5 | No | Flank pain | A cystic and solid mass with septation and local calcification on CT; slightly hyperintense on T1WI, high-low mixed signal intensity on T2WI, ringlike and septal enhancement |