Fig. 5

Renal rotation and tumor resection surgical processes of a patient with typical right-sided giant pheochromocytoma

(A) Kidney was laid horizontally in the direction of its inclination to provide ample space and excellent field view for tumor resection. (B) The fibrous tissue was dissected along the vena cava to expose the central adrenal vein which was then controlled by Hem-O-Loks. (C) Neoplastic vasa vasorum usually crisscrossed in the base of tumor, and renal rotation offered sufficient space for exposing and sealing these basal vessels. (D) After the thorough dissociation of tumor’s basal part and two flanks, upper pole of tumor was finally dissected. (E) After the tumor was completely freed, it was placed in a plastic retrieval bag and extracted. (F) Finally, the kidney was rotated back to its original position and the surgery was finished