Urological oncology

Men under the age of 55 years with screen detected prostate cancer do not have less significant disease compared to older men in a population of patients in Australia

The American Urological Association (AUA) changed their Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) screening guidelines in 2013 to not recommend testing in men under 55 years of age without significant risk factors (such...

Authors: Nandu D. Dantanarayana, Tania Hossack, Paul Cozzi, Andrew Brooks, Howard Lau, Warick Delprado and Manish I. Patel

Clinical evaluation of prostate cancer gene 3 score in diagnosis among Chinese men with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Prostate cancer is the second most common diagnosed cancer in men. Due to the low specificity of current diagnosis methods for detecting prostate cancer, identification of new biomarkers is highly desirable. T...

Authors: Jin Huang, Kathleen H. Reilly, Hui-Zhen Zhang and Hai-Bo Wang

Virus encoded circulatory miRNAs for early detection of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and kills about 28,000 American men annually. Although progress has been made in understanding the molecular features of different forms of the disea...

Authors: Jayoung Kim, Seok Joong Yun and Wun-Jae Kim

Evaluation of a rapid quantitative determination method of PSA concentration with gold immunochromatographic strips

Prostate cancer remains the most common cancer in men. Qualitative or semi-quantitative immunochromatographic measurements of prostate specific antigen (PSA) have been shown to be simple, noninvasive and feasi...

Authors: Cheng-Ching Wu, Hung-Yu Lin, Chao-Ping Wang, Li-Fen Lu, Teng-Hung Yu, Wei-Chin Hung, Jer-Yiing Houng, Fu-Mei Chung, Yau-Jiunn Lee and Jin-Jia Hu

Sensitivity of initial biopsy or transurethral resection of bladder tumor(s) for detecting histological variants on radical cystectomy

To investigate the efficacy of initial biopsy or transurethral resection of bladder tumor for detecting histological variants on radical cystectomy and to assess the prognostic significance of variant histolog...

Authors: Peng Ge, Zi-Cheng Wang, Xi Yu, Jian Lin and Qun He

Evaluating the safety of intraoperative instillation of intravesical chemotherapy at the time of nephroureterectomy

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common cancer affecting many patients in the United States. Nephroureterectomy remains the gold standard for the treatment of high grade upper tract disease or low grade tumors t...

Authors: Michael A. Moriarty, Matthew A. Uhlman, Megan T. Bing, Michael A. O’Donnell, James A. Brown, Chad R. Tracy, Sundeep Deorah, Kenneth G. Nepple and Amit Gupta

IgG4-related kidney disease from the renal pelvis that mimicked urothelial carcinoma: a case report

IgG4-related kidney disease is a comprehensive term for renal lesions associated with IgG4-related disease, which mainly manifests as plasma cell-rich tubulointerstitial nephritis with increased IgG4+ plasma c...

Authors: Hui Zhang, Xinyu Ren, Wen Zhang, Di Yang and Ruie Feng

Survival and prognostic factors for adrenocortical carcinoma: a single institution experience

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is aggressive, but rare tumours that have not been sufficiently studied. The aim of our study was to present the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with ACC, to...

Authors: Zlatibor Loncar, Vladimir Djukic, Vladan Zivaljevic, Tatjana Pekmezovic, Aleksandar Diklic, Svetislav Tatic, Dusko Dundjerovic, Branislav Olujic, Nikola Slijepcevic and Ivan Paunovic

miR-221 facilitates the TGFbeta1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bladder cancer cells by targeting STMN1

Distant metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related death, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has a critical role in this process. Accumulating evidence indicates that EMT can be regulated by m...

Authors: Jun Liu, Jian Cao and Xiaokun Zhao

Feasibly of axitinib as first-line therapy for advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a single-institution experience in Japan

Clinical benefit of axitinib as a first line agent to treat patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), or locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have not been clearly demonstrated. The aim of t...

Authors: Takuya Koie, Chikara Ohyama, Takahiro Yoneyama, Hayato Yamamoto, Atsushi Imai, Shingo Hatakeyama, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Tohru Yoneyama, Yuki Tobisawa and Kazuyuki Mori

The ProCaSP study: quality of life outcomes of prostate cancer patients after radiotherapy or radical prostatectomy in a cohort study

This study describes and compares health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of prostate cancer patients who received either radical prostatectomy (nerve-sparing, nsRP, or non-nerve-sparing, nnsRP) or radiotherapy...

Authors: Nora Eisemann, Sandra Nolte, Maike Schnoor, Alexander Katalinic, Volker Rohde and Annika Waldmann

Risk factors for biochemical recurrence after robotic assisted radical prostatectomy: a single surgeon experience

Radical prostatectomy is a standard surgical treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer. Margin status has been found to be an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after open radical pr...

Authors: Ryuta Tanimoto, Yomi Fashola, Kymora B Scotland, Anne E Calvaresi, Leonard G Gomella, Edouard J Trabulsi and Costas D Lallas

Prospective evaluation of plasma levels of ANGPT2, TuM2PK, and VEGF in patients with renal cell carcinoma

To assess pathological correlations and temporal trends of Angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and M2 Pyruvate kinase (TuM2PK), markers of tumor vascular development and metaboli...

Authors: Bishoy A Gayed, Jessica Gillen, Alana Christie, Samuel Peña-Llopis, Xian-Jin Xie, Jingsheng Yan, Jose A Karam, Ganesh Raj, Arthur I Sagalowsky, Yair Lotan, Vitaly Margulis and James Brugarolas

A segregation index combining phenotypic (clinical characteristics) and genotypic (gene expression) biomarkers from a urine sample to triage out patients presenting with hematuria who have a low probability of urothelial carcinoma

Hematuria can be symptomatic of urothelial carcinoma (UC) and ruling out patients with benign causes during primary evaluation is challenging. Patients with hematuria undergoing urological work-ups place signi...

Authors: Laimonis Kavalieris, Paul J O’Sullivan, James M Suttie, Brent K Pownall, Peter J Gilling, Christophe Chemasle and David G Darling

Factor V Leiden mutation triggering four major complications to standard dose cisplatin-chemotherapy for testicular seminoma: a case report

Major life-threatening complications secondary to cisplatin-based chemotherapy are rare in patients with testicular germ cell tumour (GCT). The incidence of complications increases with dosage of chemotherapy ...

Authors: Klaus-Peter Dieckmann, Petra Anheuser, Ralf Gehrckens, Sven Philip Aries, Raphael Ikogho and Wiebke Hollburg

Penile metastasis of sigmoid colon carcinoma: a rare case report

Metastasis to penis usually arises from genitourinary organs, but in rare cases, metastasis comes from the sigmoid colon. Furthermore, very few cases of penile metastasis of primary sigmoid colon carcinoma hav...

Authors: Zhengbang Dong, Chao Qin, Qijie Zhang, Lei Zhang, Haijing Yang, Jingdong Zhang and Fei Wang

Testicular prostheses in patients with testicular cancer - acceptance rate and patient satisfaction

The loss of a testicle to cancer involves much emotional impact to young males. Little is known about the number of patients with testicular germ cell tumour (GCT) who would accept a testicular prosthesis. Als...

Authors: Klaus-Peter Dieckmann, Petra Anheuser, Stefan Schmidt, Benjamin Soyka-Hundt, Uwe Pichlmeier, Philipp Schriefer, Cord Matthies, Michael Hartmann and Christian G Ruf

Controversies in the treatment of invasive urothelial carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

More than 429,000 patients worldwide are diagnosed with bladder cancer each year and muscle-invasive bladder cancer has an especially poor outcome. The median age at diagnosis is over 70 years, and many patien...

Authors: Vicente Guillem, Miguel Angel Climent, Javier Cassinello, Emilio Esteban, Daniel Castellano, José Luis González-Larriba, Pablo Maroto and Carlos Camps

Prevalence of human papillomavirus in penile malignant tumors: viral genotyping and clinical aspects

The human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in males has been reported to be between 3.6% and 84%, depending specially on the socioeconomic status. HPV infection has been related as a risk factor for penile canc...

Authors: Isaura Danielli Borges de Sousa, Flávia Castello Branco Vidal, João Paulo Castello Branco Vidal, George Castro Figueira de Mello, Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão Nascimento and Luciane Maria Oliveira Brito

Erratum to: The impact of tumour size on the probability of synchronous metastasis and survival in renal cell carcinoma patients: a population-based study

Authors: Johann P Ingimarsson, Martin I Sigurdsson, Sverrir Hardarson, Vigdis Petursdottir, Eirikur Jonsson, Gudmundur V Einarsson and Tomas Gudbjartsson

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary adenocarcinomas of the urinary bladder: a single-site experience

Adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare malignancy. Radical surgery is suggested as the best available treatment for early-stage disease, but there is currently no consensus on standard chemotherapy re...

Authors: Bin Yu, Jin Zhou, Hongzhou Cai, Ting Xu, Zicheng Xu, Qing Zou and Min Gu

Low enhancing papillary renal cell carcinoma diagnosed by using dual energy computerized tomography: a case report and review of literature

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is a mixed group of tumors that constitutes about 15-20% of all renal cortical cancers. Strong enhancement on computerized tomography (CT) is a feature of clear cell, but ...

Authors: Shaheen Alanee, Danuta I Dynda, Patrick Hemmer and Bradley Schwartz

Evaluation of national trends in the utilization of partial nephrectomy in relation to the publication of the American Urologic Association guidelines for the management of clinical T1 renal masses

Partial nephrectomy has been underutilized in the United States. We investigated national trends in partial nephrectomy (PN) utilization before and after publication of the American Urological Association (AUA...

Authors: Michael A Liss, Song Wang, Kerrin Palazzi, Ramzi Jabaji, Nishant Patel, Hak J Lee, J Kellogg Parsons and Ithaar H Derweesh

Prognostic value of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios, and multiphasic renal tomography findings in histological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma

To determine the relationship between renal cell carcinoma subtypes and the associated mortality and biochemical parameters. An additional aim was to analyze multiphasic multidetector computed tomography findi...

Authors: Suat Keskin, Zeynep Keskin, Hakan Hakki Taskapu, Havva Kalkan, Mehmet Kaynar, Necdet Poyraz and Hatice Toy

Malignant acanthosis nigricans associated with prostate cancer: a case report

Acanthosis nigricans is characterized by hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis of the skin or mucous membranes. Its malignant form is associated with internal neoplasms, especially gastric adenocarcinoma (55–61...

Authors: Joanna Kubicka-Wołkowska, Sylwia Dębska-Szmich, Maja Lisik-Habib, Marcin Noweta and Piotr Potemski

Cystic renal cell carcinoma: a report of 67 cases including 4 cases with concurrent renal cell carcinoma

Cystic renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) is relatively rare; CRCC is frequently misdiagnosed as a benign renal cyst. CRCC carries an excellent prognosis following surgical treatment. The aim of our study was to summ...

Authors: Shanwen Chen, Baiye Jin, Liqi Xu, Guanghou Fu, Hongzhou Meng, Ben Liu, Jun Li and Dan Xia

Ultra-early versus early salvage androgen deprivation therapy for post-prostatectomy biochemical recurrence in pT2-4N0M0 prostate cancer

The optimal timing of salvage androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy is controversial. We compared the outcomes of ultra-early versus early salvage ADT.

Authors: Satoru Taguchi, Hiroshi Fukuhara, Takeshi Azuma, Motofumi Suzuki, Tetsuya Fujimura, Tohru Nakagawa, Akira Ishikawa, Haruki Kume, Yasuhiko Igawa and Yukio Homma

The use of early postoperative prostate-specific antigen to stratify risk in patients with positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy

It is well recognized that the presence of positive surgical margins (PSM) after radical prostatectomy (RP) adversely affects cancer specific outcomes and recent evidence from randomized trials supports the us...

Authors: Stepan Vesely, Ladislav Jarolim, Katerina Duskova, Marek Schmidt, Pavel Dusek and Marko Babjuk

Percutaneous cryoablation for tuberous sclerosis-associated renal angiomyolipoma with neoadjuvant mTOR inhibition

Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are frequent in tuberous sclerosis and are responsible for a significant proportion of the morbidity in adulthood, mainly from bleeding complications, which are correlated to the s...

Authors: Thierry Krummel, Julien Garnon, Hervé Lang, Afshin Gangi and Thierry Hannedouche

Preoperative lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio predicts clinical outcome in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a retrospective analysis

Inflammation is a critical component of tumorigenesis, and many cancers arise from sites of infection, chronic irritation, and inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines triggered by tumors alter hematologic compone...

Authors: Sally Temraz, Deborah Mukherji, Zein Al Abideen Farhat, Rami Nasr, Maya Charafeddine, Mohammed Shahait, Mohammad Rachad Wehbe, Rami Abou Ghaida, Ibrahim Abu Gheida and Ali Shamseddine

Renal cell carcinoma with intramyocardial metastases

Cardiac metastases from renal cell carcinoma without vena caval involvement are extremely rare with a limited number of cases reported in the worldwide literature until now. Nevertheless, this rare location of...

Authors: Anna M Czarnecka, Pawel Sobczuk, Fei Lian and Cezary Szczylik

The impact of tumour size on the probability of synchronous metastasis and survival in renal cell carcinoma patients: a population-based study

The observed low metastatic potential and favorable survival of small incidentally detected renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have been a part of the rationale for recommending partial nephrectomy as a first treatm...

Authors: Johann P Ingimarsson, Martin I Sigurdsson, Sverrir Hardarson, Vigdis Petursdottir, Eirikur Jonsson, Gudmundur V Einarsson and Tomas Gudbjartsson

Panobinostat synergizes with bortezomib to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and ubiquitinated protein accumulation in renal cancer cells

Inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a novel strategy used to treat malignancies. Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 by the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat hinders the refolding of unfolded protei...

Authors: Akinori Sato, Takako Asano, Makoto Isono, Keiichi Ito and Tomohiko Asano

Could Hyaluronic acid (HA) reduce Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) local side effects? Results of a pilot study

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is considered the most effective treatment to reduce recurrence and progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) but can induce local side effects leading to treatme...

Authors: Luca Topazio, Roberto Miano, Valentina Maurelli, Gabriele Gaziev, Mauro Gacci, Valerio Iacovelli and Enrico Finazzi-Agrò

Photodynamic diagnosis of shed prostate cancer cells in voided urine treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid

Past attempts at detecting prostate cancer (PCa) cells in voided urine by traditional cytology have been impeded by undesirably low sensitivities but high specificities. To improve the sensitivities, we evalua...

Authors: Yasushi Nakai, Satoshi Anai, Masaomi Kuwada, Makito Miyake, Yoshitomo Chihara, Nobumichi Tanaka, Akihide Hirayama, Katsunori Yoshida, Yoshihiko Hirao and Kiyohide Fujimoto

Changing paradigms in management of metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC)

Recently, the standard of care for metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) has changed considerably. Persistent androgen receptor (AR) signaling has been identified as a target for novel therap...

Authors: Eva Gupta, Troy Guthrie and Winston Tan

microRNA-99a acts as a tumor suppressor and is down-regulated in bladder cancer

Increasing evidences have documented that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in a variety types of cancer. The discovery of tumor associated miRNAs in serum of patients gives rise to exte...

Authors: Yougang Feng, Yongming Kang, Yue He, Jun Liu, Bo Liang, Ping Yang and Zhou Yu

Prostate volume and biopsy tumor length are significant predictors for classical and redefined insignificant cancer on prostatectomy specimens in Japanese men with favorable pathologic features on biopsy

Gleason pattern 3 less often has molecular abnormalities and often behaves indolent. It is controversial whether low grade small foci of prostate cancer (PCa) on biopsy could avoid immediate treatment or not, ...

Authors: Masahiro Yashi, Tomoya Mizuno, Hideo Yuki, Akinori Masuda, Tsunehito Kambara, Hironori Betsunoh, Hideyuki Abe, Yoshitatsu Fukabori, Osamu Muraishi, Koyu Suzuki, Yoshimasa Nakazato and Takao Kamai

Prognostic factors for recurrence-free and overall survival after adrenalectomy for metastatic carcinoma: a retrospective cohort pilot study

The survival benefits of adrenalectomy (ADx) in the setting of metastatic cancer and prognostic factors for recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) after adrenalectomy for metastatic carcinoma are stil...

Authors: Eu Chang Hwang, Insang Hwang, Seung Il Jung, Taek Won Kang, Dong Deuk Kwon, Suk Hee Heo, Jun Eul Hwang, Sung Gu Kang, Seok Ho Kang, Jeong Gu Lee, Je Jong Kim and Jun Cheon

Inferior vena cava prosthetic replacement in a patient with horseshoe kidney and metastatic testicular tumor: technical considerations and review of the literature

Seminomatous and non-seminomatous Germ Cell Tumors (GCT) of the testis are a rare cancer, with an estimated incidence of 56.3 per million white males and 10 per million black males in the United States.

Authors: Pietro Rispoli, Paolo Destefanis, Paolo Garneri, Gianfranco Varetto, Beatrice Lillaz, Claudio Castagno, Patrizia Lista, Libero Ciuffreda and Dario Fontana

Primary mucin-producing urothelial-type adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra diagnosed on TURP: a case report and review of literature

Mucin-producing urothelial-type adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra is extremely rare. These lesions must be differentiated from other mucinous tumors including mucin-producing prostatic adenocarcinoma and...

Authors: Elisabeth M Sebesta, Hossein S Mirheydar, J Kellogg Parsons, Jessica Wang-Rodriguez and A Karim Kader

Reduced expression of ezrin in urothelial bladder cancer signifies more advanced tumours and an impaired survival: validatory study of two independent patient cohorts

Reduced membranous expression of the cytoskeleton-associated protein ezrin has previously been demonstrated to correlate with tumour progression and poor prognosis in patients with T1G3 urothelial cell carcino...

Authors: Gustav Andersson, Christoffer Wennersten, Alexander Gaber, Karolina Boman, Björn Nodin, Mathias Uhlén, Ulrika Segersten, Per-Uno Malmström and Karin Jirström

Is there a role for anterior zone sampling as part of saturation trans-rectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy?

The prostatic anterior zone (AZ) is not targeted routinely by TRUS guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-Pbx). MRI is an accurate diagnostic tool for AZ tumors, but is often unavailable due to cost or system restrictio...

Authors: Eric Cole, David Margel, Michael Greenspan, Bobby Shayegan, Edward Matsumoto, Marc A Fischer, Michael Patlas, Dean Daya and Jehonathan H Pinthus

Nadir PSA level and time to nadir PSA are prognostic factors in patients with metastatic prostate cancer

Primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) is the most effective systemic therapy for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Nevertheless, once PSA progression develops, the prognosis is serious and mortal...

Authors: Atsushi Tomioka, Nobumichi Tanaka, Motokiyo Yoshikawa, Makito Miyake, Satoshi Anai, Yoshitomo Chihara, Eijiro Okajima, Akihide Hirayama, Yoshihiko Hirao and Kiyohide Fujimoto

Scrotal extratesticular schwannoma: a case report and review of the literature

Schwannomas are tumours arising from Schwann cells, which sheath the peripheral nerves. Here, we report a rare case of left intrascrotal, extratesticular schwannoma. Although rare, scrotal localisation of schw...

Authors: Giovanni Palleschi, Antonio Carbone, Jessica Cacciotti, Giorgia Manfredonia, Natale Porta, Andrea Fuschi, Cosimo de Nunzio, Vincenzo Petrozza and Antonio Luigi Pastore

External validation of risk classification in patients with docetaxel-treated castration-resistant prostate cancer

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients have poor prognoses, and docetaxel (DTX) is among the few treatment options. An accurate risk classification to identify CRPC patient groups for which DTX w...

Authors: Kazuhiko Nakano, Kenji Komatsu, Taro Kubo, Shinsuke Natsui, Akinori Nukui, Shinsuke Kurokawa, Minoru Kobayashi and Tatsuo Morita

Concern for overtreatment using the AUA/ASTRO guideline on adjuvant radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy

Recently, three prospective randomized trials have shown that adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) after radical prostatectomy for the patients with pT3 and/or positive margins improves biochemical progression-free sur...

Authors: Jung Hun Kang, Yun-Sok Ha, Sung Kim, Jihyeong Yu, Neal Patel, Jaspreet S Parihar, Amirali Hassanzadeh Salmasi, Wun-Jae Kim and Isaac Yi Kim

A combined index to classify prognostic comorbidity in candidates for radical prostatectomy

In patients with early prostate cancer, stratification by comorbidity could be of importance in clinical decision making as well as in characterizing patients enrolled into clinical trials. In this study, we i...

Authors: Michael Froehner, Anna-Elisa Kellner, Rainer Koch, Gustavo B Baretton, Oliver W Hakenberg and Manfred P Wirth

Organ-specific and tumor-size-dependent responses to sunitinib in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been used as standard therapy for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, information on factors predicting response to treatment with TKIs is lacking...

Authors: Norihiko Tsuchiya, Takeshi Yuasa, Shinya Maita, Shintaro Narita, Takamitsu Inoue, Kazuyuki Numakura, Mitsuru Saito, Shigeru Satoh, Junji Yonese and Tomonori Habuchi

Effects of surgeon variability on oncologic and functional outcomes in a population-based setting

Oncologic and functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) can vary between surgeons to a greater extent than is expected by chance. We sought to examine the effects of surgeon variation on functional ...

Authors: Sigrid Carlsson, Anders Berglund, Daniel Sjoberg, Ali Khatami, Johan Stranne, Svante Bergdahl, Pär Lodding, Gunnar Aus, Andrew Vickers and Jonas Hugosson