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  1. We propose to improve the prognostic assessment after radical prostatectomy (RP) by dividing high-risk prostate cancer (hrPCa) (according to the d’Amico classification) into subgroups combining 1, 2 or 3 crite...

    Authors: Jean-Baptiste Beauval, Mathieu Roumiguié, Thomas Filleron, Thibaut Benoit, Alexandre de la Taille, Bernard Malavaud, Laurent Salomon, Michel Soulié and Guillaume Ploussard
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:26
  2. Nonbacterial prostatitis, together with chronic pelvic pain syndrome, accounts for 90–95 % of prostatitis cases. Anti-inflammatory medications are commonly used to reduce storage/inflammatory symptoms that can...

    Authors: Giorgio Bozzini, Marco Provenzano, Nicolò Buffi, Mauro Seveso, Giovanni Lughezzani, Giorgio Guazzoni, Alberto Mandressi and Gianluigi Taverna
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:25
  3. Intestinal metaplasia of the bladder is an uncommon glandular proliferation. We examined a large series of intestinal metaplasia for the clinicopathological features and discuss the significance of this lesion.

    Authors: Zhixiang Xin, Chenhui Zhao, Tao Huang, Zhaohui Zhang, Chenlong Chu, Caifeng Lu, Min Wu and Wenlong Zhou
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:24
  4. Duplex kidney is a common anomaly that is frequently associated with multiple complications. Typical computed tomography urography (CTU) includes four phases (unenhanced, arterial, parenchymal and excretory) a...

    Authors: Honghan Gong, Lei Gao, Xi-Jian Dai, Fuqing Zhou, Ning Zhang, Xianjun Zeng, Jian Jiang and Laichang He
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:21
  5. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether micro-TESE can improve sperm retrieval rate (SRR) compared to conventional single TESE biopsy on the same testicle or to contralateral multiple TESE, by empl...

    Authors: Giorgio Franco, Filomena Scarselli, Valentina Casciani, Cosimo De Nunzio, Donato Dente, Costantino Leonardo, Pier Francesco Greco, Alessia Greco, Maria Giulia Minasi and Ermanno Greco
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:20
  6. Urinary tract infections [UTIs] are very common in people with Spinal Cord Injury [SCI]. UTIs are increasingly difficult and expensive to treat as the organisms that cause them become more antibiotic resistant...

    Authors: Bonsan Bonne Lee, Swee-Ling Toh, Suzanne Ryan, Judy M. Simpson, Kate Clezy, Laetitia Bossa, Scott A. Rice, Obaydullah Marial, Gerard Weber, Jasbeer Kaur, Claire Boswell-Ruys, Stephen Goodall, James Middleton, Mark Tudehope and George Kotsiou
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:18
  7. The objective of this study was to determine the factors responsible for peri-operative blood transfusion in a contemporary series of open prostatectomy for benign prostate hyperplasia and thus offer a guide f...

    Authors: Mathew Y. Kyei, George O. Klufio, James E. Mensah, Samuel Gepi-Attee, Kwabena Ampadu, Bernard Toboh and Edward D. Yeboah
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:17
  8. Human dermal allografts have been used for over a decade for interpositional repair of rectoceles. How do dermal allografts perform with regards to success rate and complications with 8 years’ minimum follow-up?

    Authors: Serge P. Marinkovic, Scott Hughes, Donghua Xie, Lisa M. Gillen and Christina M. Marinkovic
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:16
  9. A possible role for prostate cancer in Lynch syndrome has been debated based on observations of mismatch-repair defective tumors and reports of an increased risk of prostate cancer in mutation carriers. Potent...

    Authors: Mev Dominguez-Valentin, Patrick Joost, Christina Therkildsen, Mats Jonsson, Eva Rambech and Mef Nilbert
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:15
  10. [−2]proPSA and its derivatives have an higher diagnostic accuracy than PSA in predicting prostate cancer (PCa). In alternative to PSA, ultrasensitive PSA (uPSA) and [−2]proPSA could be potentially useful in re...

    Authors: S. De Luca, R. Passera, A. Sottile, C. Fiori, R. M. Scarpa and F. Porpiglia
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:14
  11. While novel drugs have been developed, docetaxel remains one of the standard initial systemic therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients. Despite the excellent anti-tumor effect of doce...

    Authors: Shimpei Yamashita, Yasuo Kohjimoto, Takashi Iguchi, Hiroyuki Koike, Hiroki Kusumoto, Akinori Iba, Kazuro Kikkawa, Yoshiki Kodama, Nagahide Matsumura and Isao Hara
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:13
  12. There is much interest in confirming whether the efficacy of abiraterone acetate (AA) demonstrated within the trial setting is reproducible in routine clinical practice. We report the clinical outcome of metas...

    Authors: Darren M. C. Poon, Kuen Chan, S. H. Lee, T. W. Chan, Henry Sze, Eric K. C. Lee, Daisy Lam and Michelle F. T. Chan
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:12
  13. The high false negative rates for initial prostate biopsies refer a large number of the men for repeat biopsies each year. Therefore, biomarkers associated with high risk of the presence of malignancy in histo...

    Authors: Saeid Alinezhad, Riina-Minna Väänänen, Natalia Tong Ochoa, Emily A. Vertosick, Anders Bjartell, Peter J Boström, Pekka Taimen and Kim Pettersson
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:10
  14. Excessive mechanical overload may be involved in bladder wall remodelling. Since the activity of Rho kinase is known to be upregulated in the obstructed bladder, we investigate the roles of the RhoA/Rho kinase...

    Authors: Nobuhiro Kushida, Osamu Yamaguchi, Yohei Kawashima, Hidenori Akaihata, Junya Hata, Kei Ishibashi, Ken Aikawa and Yoshiyuki Kojima
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:9
  15. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy after a second transurethral resection (TUR) in new onset high-grade T1 bladder cancer.

    Authors: Keitaro Iida, Taku Naiki, Noriyasu Kawai, Toshiki Etani, Ryosuke Ando, Yosuke Ikegami, Takehiko Okamura, Hiroki Kubota, Atsushi Okada, Kenjiro Kohri and Takahiro Yasui
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:8
  16. Congenital giant megaureter (CGM) is uncommon in the pediatric population. The major clinical presentations are marked protruberances and abdominal cysts.

    Authors: Mingming Yu, Geng Ma, Zheng Ge, Rugang Lu, Yongji Deng and Yunfei Guo
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:7
  17. Outpatient surgery is critical to improve health care costs. The aim of the study was to prospectively evaluate the results of outpatient treatment of upper tract urinary stones by rigid or flexible ureterosco...

    Authors: Abeni Oitchayomi, Arnaud Doerfler, Sophie Le Gal, Charles Chawhan and Xavier Tillou
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:6
  18. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is an important step in the process of tumor dissemination and metastasis outside the primary organ, but the relationship between LVI and the prognosis of T1 non-muscle invasive b...

    Authors: Keishiro Fukumoto, Eiji Kikuchi, Shuji Mikami, Akira Miyajima and Mototsugu Oya
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:5
  19. Measurement of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) remains an important tool in prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis. Due to limited availability of laboratory devices in an outpatient setting, compact and easy-to-h...

    Authors: Steffen Rausch, Joerg Hennenlotter, Josef Wiesenreiter, Andrea Hohneder, Julian Heinkele, Christian Schwentner, Arnulf Stenzl and Tilman Todenhöfer
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:4
  20. Current therapies for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have low cure rates or significant side effects. It has been reported that complexes composed of interleukin (IL)-2 and stimulating anti-IL-2 antibody ...

    Authors: Kyu-Hyun Han, Ki Won Kim, Ji-Jing Yan, Jae-Ghi Lee, Eun Mi Lee, Miyeon Han, Eun Jin Cho, Seong Sik Kang, Hye Jin Lim, Tai Yeon Koo, Curie Ahn and Jaeseok Yang
    Citation: BMC Urology 2016 16:2
  21. The American Urological Association (AUA) changed their Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) screening guidelines in 2013 to not recommend testing in men under 55 years of age without significant risk factors (such...

    Authors: Nandu D. Dantanarayana, Tania Hossack, Paul Cozzi, Andrew Brooks, Howard Lau, Warick Delprado and Manish I. Patel
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:124
  22. This study was performed to evaluate the impact of baseline characteristics and treatment methods on the outcome of sporadic renal angiomyolipoma (AML).

    Authors: Teele Kuusk, Fausto Biancari, Brian Lane, Conrad Tobert, Steven Campbell, Uri Rimon, Vito D’Andrea, Aare Mehik and Markku H. Vaarala
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:123
  23. We investigated the use of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist degarelix in everyday clinical practice using registry data from uro-oncology practices in Germany.

    Authors: Götz Geiges, Thomas Harms, Gerald Rodemer, Ralf Eckert, Frank König, Rolf Eichenauer and Jörg Schroder
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:122
  24. Ureteral stent removal using an extraction string is advantageous because it can obviate an invasive cystoscopy, but there is a paucity of data on how patients feel about it, and how bothersome or beneficial i...

    Authors: Dae Ji Kim, Jeong Hwan Son, Seok Heun Jang, Jae Won Lee, Dae Sung Cho and Chae Hong Lim
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:121
  25. Previously reported results of a prospective, randomized placebo-controlled study showed that the pollen extract (Cernilton) significantly improved total symptoms, pain, and quality of life in patients with in...

    Authors: Hiromichi Iwamura, Takuya Koie, Osamu Soma, Teppei Matsumoto, Atsushi Imai, Shingo Hatakeyama, Takahiro Yoneyama, Yasuhiro Hashimoto and Chikara Ohyama
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:120
  26. Chronic indwelling catheters may induce histologic changes within the bladder, and these changes are sometimes pre-malignant. There are many documented cases of squamous cell carcinoma associated with indwelli...

    Authors: Tyler M. Bauman, Theodora A. Potretzke, Aaron M. Potretzke, Cary L. Siegel and Steven B. Brandes
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:119
  27. Prostate cancer is the second most common diagnosed cancer in men. Due to the low specificity of current diagnosis methods for detecting prostate cancer, identification of new biomarkers is highly desirable. T...

    Authors: Jin Huang, Kathleen H. Reilly, Hui-Zhen Zhang and Hai-Bo Wang
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:118
  28. Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) is an important consideration after radical cystectomy (RC). Lack of effective ways to assess HRQoL after RC and unawareness of disease-specific problems related to ileal...

    Authors: Yi Huang, Xiuwu Pan, Qiwei Zhou, Hai Huang, Lin Li, Xingang Cui, Guodong Wang, Ren Jizhong, Lei Yin, Danfeng Xu and Yi Hong
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:117
  29. A Drum Dock Manager in an auto manufacturing company suffers a pelvic fracture, severing the bulbar urethra and completely fracturing the right side of his pelvis.

    Authors: Serge P. Marinkovic, Brandi Miller, Scott Hughes, Christina Marinkovic and Lisa Gillen
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:115
  30. For more than forty years, graftectomy has been the standard treatment of spontaneous renal transplant rupture. However, recent evidences suggest that graft salvage strategies can be safely pursued, even in di...

    Authors: Evaldo Favi, Samuele Iesari, Alessandro Cina and Franco Citterio
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:114
  31. Both benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) share similar epidemiologic features and are all associated with the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-mediated hormonal imbalance. Th...

    Authors: Kuan-Chou Chen, Shian-Ying Sung, Yi-Ting Lin, Chiu-Lan Hsieh, Kun-Hung Shen, Chiung-Chi Peng and Robert Y. Peng
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:113
  32. To explore the impact of patient-characteristics and relevant comorbidities on treatment continuation rates, effectiveness, and satisfaction in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) who started or switched t...

    Authors: Dimitrios Hatzichristou, Gianluca d’Anzeo, Hartmut Porst, Jacques Buvat, Carsten Henneges, Andrea Rossi, Karim Hamidi and Hartwig Büttner
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:111
  33. Prostate cancer remains the most common cancer in men. Qualitative or semi-quantitative immunochromatographic measurements of prostate specific antigen (PSA) have been shown to be simple, noninvasive and feasi...

    Authors: Cheng-Ching Wu, Hung-Yu Lin, Chao-Ping Wang, Li-Fen Lu, Teng-Hung Yu, Wei-Chin Hung, Jer-Yiing Houng, Fu-Mei Chung, Yau-Jiunn Lee and Jin-Jia Hu
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:109
  34. Epididymal anomalies and patent processus vaginalis are frequently found in boys with cryptorchidism or hydrocele. We conducted this study to evaluate the association between epididymal anomalies and testicula...

    Authors: Sun-Ouck Kim, Seong Woong Na, Ho Song Yu and Dongdeuk Kwon
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:108
  35. More and more frequently stress urinary incontinence affects young healthy women. Hence, early implementation of effective preventive strategies in nulliparous continent women is essential, including pelvic fl...

    Authors: Magdalena Stania, Daria Chmielewska, Krystyna Kwaśna, Agnieszka Smykla, Jakub Taradaj and Grzegorz Juras
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:107
  36. The Actionable questionnaire is an 8-item tool to screen patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) for neurogenic bladder problems, identifying those patients who might benefit from urological referral and bladder...

    Authors: Peter Joseph Jongen, Bertil F. Blok, John P. Heesakkers, Marco Heerings, Wim A. Lemmens and Rogier Donders
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:106
  37. Sacral neuromodulation is well established in the treatment of refractory, non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction, but its efficacy and safety in patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction of neurol...

    Authors: Daniel S. Engeler, Daniel Meyer, Dominik Abt, Stefanie Müller and Hans-Peter Schmid
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:105
  38. Rho kinase (ROCK) and myosin-light chain kinase (MLCK) are key enzymes in smooth muscle contraction. Previous data have suggested that ROCK contribution to human detrusor contraction is increasing with age. He...

    Authors: Timo Kirschstein, Theresa Sahre, Karoline Kernig, Chris Protzel, Katrin Porath, Rüdiger Köhling and Oliver W. Hakenberg
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:104
  39. Restoration of normal bladder volume and function (i.e., bioequivalent bladder) are observed within 8 weeks of performing subtotal cystectomy (STC; removal of ~70 % of the bladder) in 12-week old rats. For ana...

    Authors: David Burmeister, Bimjhana Bishwokarma, Tamer AbouShwareb, John Olson, Maja Herco, Josh Tan, Karl-Erik Andersson and George Christ
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:103
  40. There are still disagreements on which is a better approach to choose to establish percutaneous tract for percutaneous nephrolitotomy (PCNL), between supracostal and infracostal approaches. The aim of this stu...

    Authors: Difu Fan, Leming Song, Donghua Xie, Min Hu, Zuofeng Peng, Xiaohui Liao, Tairong Liu, Chuance Du, Lunfeng Zhu, Lei Yao, Jianrong Huang, Zhongsheng Yang, Shulin Guo, Wen Qin, Jiuqing Zhong and Zhangqun Ye
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:102

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