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  1. Active surveillance is considered a mainstream strategy in the management of patients with low-risk prostate cancer. A mission-critical step in implementing a robust active surveillance program and plan its re...

    Authors: Yiannis Philippou, Hary Raja and Vincent J. Gnanapragasam
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:52
  2. Urinary Incontinence (UI) is a common problem in women. The management of UI in primary care is time consuming and suboptimal. Shift of incontinence-care from General Practitioners (GP’s) to a nurse practition...

    Authors: Doreth T.A.M Teunissen, Marjolein M. Stegeman, Hans H. Bor and Toine A.L.M Lagro-Janssen
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:51
  3. While botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) has become a more commonly used second-line treatment for patients with detrusor overactivity, it remains unknown whether the impacts of this therapy may persist to influence o...

    Authors: Xin Su, Angela Nickles and Dwight E. Nelson
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:50
  4. The aim of this study was to determine the learning curve for thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) for two surgeons with different levels of urological endoscopic experience.

    Authors: Giovanni Saredi, Giacomo Maria Pirola, Andrea Pacchetti, Jon Alexander Lovisolo, Giacomo Borroni, Federico Sembenini and Alberto Mario Marconi
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:49
  5. The ability of 5α-reductase inhibitors (5ARIs) to decrease blood loss during transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains controversial. We aimed to conduct a m...

    Authors: Yi-Ping Zhu, Bo Dai, Hai-Liang Zhang, Guo-hai Shi and Ding-Wei Ye
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:47
  6. To investigate the efficacy of initial biopsy or transurethral resection of bladder tumor for detecting histological variants on radical cystectomy and to assess the prognostic significance of variant histolog...

    Authors: Peng Ge, Zi-Cheng Wang, Xi Yu, Jian Lin and Qun He
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:46
  7. Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common cancer affecting many patients in the United States. Nephroureterectomy remains the gold standard for the treatment of high grade upper tract disease or low grade tumors t...

    Authors: Michael A. Moriarty, Matthew A. Uhlman, Megan T. Bing, Michael A. O’Donnell, James A. Brown, Chad R. Tracy, Sundeep Deorah, Kenneth G. Nepple and Amit Gupta
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:45
  8. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is aggressive, but rare tumours that have not been sufficiently studied. The aim of our study was to present the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with ACC, to...

    Authors: Zlatibor Loncar, Vladimir Djukic, Vladan Zivaljevic, Tatjana Pekmezovic, Aleksandar Diklic, Svetislav Tatic, Dusko Dundjerovic, Branislav Olujic, Nikola Slijepcevic and Ivan Paunovic
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:43
  9. Site-dependent and interindividual histological differences in Denonvilliers’ fascia (DF) are not well understood. This study aimed to examine site-dependent and interindividual differences in DF and to determ...

    Authors: Kuniyasu Muraoka, Nobuyuki Hinata, Shuichi Morizane, Masashi Honda, Takehiro Sejima, Gen Murakami, Ashutosh K Tewari and Atsushi Takenaka
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:42
  10. Storage symptoms, associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), often co-exist with voiding symptoms in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Storage symptoms are likely to be most bothersome, an...

    Authors: Jameel Nazir, Lars Heemstra, Anke van Engen, Zalmai Hakimi and Cristina Ivanescu
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:41
  11. Prostate vaporization and enucleation is a novel treatment option for bladder outlet obstruction caused by benign prostate enlargement. This surgical technique, however, has not yet been standardized. We prese...

    Authors: Ching-Hsin Chang, Tzu-Ping Lin, Yen-Hwa Chang, William JS Huang, Alex TL Lin and Kuang-Kuo Chen
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:40
  12. Genital warts caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are the most common sexually transmitted disease leading to anogential lesions. Although the laser therapy has been shown to be effective in a numbe...

    Authors: Mário Maciel de Lima Jr, Mário Maciel de Lima and Fabiana Granja
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:39
  13. Radiotherapy and cyclophosphamide-induced haemorrhagic cystitis are rare but severe complications occurring in 3–6% of patients. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) has been demonstrated to be an effective trea...

    Authors: Stephan Degener, Alexander Pohle, Hartmut Strelow, Michael J Mathers, Jürgen Zumbé, Stephan Roth and Alexander S Brandt
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:38
  14. We designed this experiment to elucidate the relationship between the expression of brain derived-neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the expression of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), and the developmen...

    Authors: Seung Mo Yuk, Ju Hyun Shin, Ki Hak Song, Yong Gil Na, Jae Sung Lim and Chong Koo Sul
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:37
  15. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent entity in elderly men. If medical treatment fails, monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) is still considered as the standard treatment. The...

    Authors: Livio Mordasini, Dominik Abt, Gautier Müllhaupt, Daniel S Engeler, Andreas Lüthi, Hans-Peter Schmid and Christoph Schwab
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:35
  16. Protein Kinase C (PKC) dysfunction is implicated in a variety of smooth muscle disorders including detrusor overactivity associated with frequency and urgency of micturition. In this study, we aimed to evaluat...

    Authors: Joseph A Hypolite, Shaohua Chang, Alan J Wein, Samuel Chacko and Anna P Malykhina
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:34
  17. Currently, large prostate size (>80 mL) of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) still pose technical challenges for surgical treatment. This prospective study was designed to explore the safety and efficacy of p...

    Authors: Mao Qiang Wang, Li Ping Guo, Guo Dong Zhang, Kai Yuan, Kai Li, Feng Duan, Jie Yu Yan, Yan Wang, Hai Yan Kang and Zhi Jun Wang
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:33
  18. Clinical benefit of axitinib as a first line agent to treat patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), or locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have not been clearly demonstrated. The aim of t...

    Authors: Takuya Koie, Chikara Ohyama, Takahiro Yoneyama, Hayato Yamamoto, Atsushi Imai, Shingo Hatakeyama, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Tohru Yoneyama, Yuki Tobisawa and Kazuyuki Mori
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:32
  19. This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled trial primarily evaluated the efficacy of tadalafil once-daily (OaD) or on-demand (“pro-re-nata”; PRN) treatment, started early post...

    Authors: Hitendra R Patel, Dapo Ilo, Nimish Shah, Béatrice Cuzin, David Chadwick, Robert Andrianne, Carsten Henneges, Jane Barry, Katja Hell-Momeni, Julia Branicka and Hartwig Büttner
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:31
  20. Most studies focusing on progression of BPH have been limited to the relationship between age and BPH progression, and only few studies have focused on the time duration to start treatment. This study aimed to...

    Authors: Sung Ryul Shim, Jae Heon Kim, Hoon Choi, Jae Hyun Bae, Hae Joon Kim, Soon-Sun Kwon, Byung Chul Chun and Won Jin Lee
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:30
  21. The aim of this study was to compare pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength using transvaginal digital palpation in healthy continent women in different age groups, and to compare the inter- and intra-rater reliab...

    Authors: Dulcegleika VB Sartori, Monica O Gameiro, Hamilto A Yamamoto, Paulo R Kawano, Rodrigo Guerra, Carlos R Padovani and João L Amaro
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:29
  22. This study describes and compares health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of prostate cancer patients who received either radical prostatectomy (nerve-sparing, nsRP, or non-nerve-sparing, nnsRP) or radiotherapy...

    Authors: Nora Eisemann, Sandra Nolte, Maike Schnoor, Alexander Katalinic, Volker Rohde and Annika Waldmann
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:28
  23. Radical prostatectomy is a standard surgical treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer. Margin status has been found to be an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after open radical pr...

    Authors: Ryuta Tanimoto, Yomi Fashola, Kymora B Scotland, Anne E Calvaresi, Leonard G Gomella, Edouard J Trabulsi and Costas D Lallas
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:27
  24. A previous study showed that foot stimulation can delay the bladder filling sensation and increase bladder volume in healthy humans without OAB. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not electrical...

    Authors: Guoqing Chen, Limin Liao and Di Miao
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:26
  25. To assess pathological correlations and temporal trends of Angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and M2 Pyruvate kinase (TuM2PK), markers of tumor vascular development and metaboli...

    Authors: Bishoy A Gayed, Jessica Gillen, Alana Christie, Samuel Peña-Llopis, Xian-Jin Xie, Jingsheng Yan, Jose A Karam, Ganesh Raj, Arthur I Sagalowsky, Yair Lotan, Vitaly Margulis and James Brugarolas
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:24
  26. Hematuria can be symptomatic of urothelial carcinoma (UC) and ruling out patients with benign causes during primary evaluation is challenging. Patients with hematuria undergoing urological work-ups place signi...

    Authors: Laimonis Kavalieris, Paul J O’Sullivan, James M Suttie, Brent K Pownall, Peter J Gilling, Christophe Chemasle and David G Darling
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:23
  27. Ipsilateral asymptomatic renal stone associated with symptomatic ureteral stone is not a rare event, and the recommended treatment policy was not declared clearly. This study was conducted to compare the outco...

    Authors: Dehui Lai, Meiling Chen, Yongzhong He and Xun Li
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:22
  28. Major life-threatening complications secondary to cisplatin-based chemotherapy are rare in patients with testicular germ cell tumour (GCT). The incidence of complications increases with dosage of chemotherapy ...

    Authors: Klaus-Peter Dieckmann, Petra Anheuser, Ralf Gehrckens, Sven Philip Aries, Raphael Ikogho and Wiebke Hollburg
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:21
  29. Metastasis to penis usually arises from genitourinary organs, but in rare cases, metastasis comes from the sigmoid colon. Furthermore, very few cases of penile metastasis of primary sigmoid colon carcinoma hav...

    Authors: Zhengbang Dong, Chao Qin, Qijie Zhang, Lei Zhang, Haijing Yang, Jingdong Zhang and Fei Wang
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:20
  30. Although there is growing evidence of relationship between obesity and some specific stone compositions, results were inconsistent. Due to a greater relationship between metabolic syndrome and some specific st...

    Authors: Jae Heon Kim, Seung Whan Doo, Kang Su Cho, Won Jae Yang, Yun Seob Song, Jiyoung Hwang, Seong Sook Hong and Soon-Sun Kwon
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:17
  31. The loss of a testicle to cancer involves much emotional impact to young males. Little is known about the number of patients with testicular germ cell tumour (GCT) who would accept a testicular prosthesis. Als...

    Authors: Klaus-Peter Dieckmann, Petra Anheuser, Stefan Schmidt, Benjamin Soyka-Hundt, Uwe Pichlmeier, Philipp Schriefer, Cord Matthies, Michael Hartmann and Christian G Ruf
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:16
  32. More than 429,000 patients worldwide are diagnosed with bladder cancer each year and muscle-invasive bladder cancer has an especially poor outcome. The median age at diagnosis is over 70 years, and many patien...

    Authors: Vicente Guillem, Miguel Angel Climent, Javier Cassinello, Emilio Esteban, Daniel Castellano, José Luis González-Larriba, Pablo Maroto and Carlos Camps
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:15
  33. The human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in males has been reported to be between 3.6% and 84%, depending specially on the socioeconomic status. HPV infection has been related as a risk factor for penile canc...

    Authors: Isaura Danielli Borges de Sousa, Flávia Castello Branco Vidal, João Paulo Castello Branco Vidal, George Castro Figueira de Mello, Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão Nascimento and Luciane Maria Oliveira Brito
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:13
  34. Currently, men are younger at the time of diagnosis of prostate cancer and more interested in less invasive surgical approaches (traditional laparoscopy, 3D-laparoscopy, robotics). Outcomes of continence, erec...

    Authors: Pierluigi Bove, Valerio Iacovelli, Francesco Celestino, Francesco De Carlo, Giuseppe Vespasiani and Enrico Finazzi Agrò
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:12
  35. In this paper, we observed a discrepancy of penile hemodynamics dependent on location by using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensor, and showcase NIRS as a potentially suitable sensor in supplementing the ...

    Authors: Evgenii Kim, Songhyun Lee, Zephaniah Phillips V and Jae G Kim
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:11
  36. Choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) represents an option in restaging of prostate cancer patients with disease relapse after local treatment. The present study assess whether salv...

    Authors: Alexander Winter, Rolf-Peter Henke and Friedhelm Wawroschek
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:10
  37. The treatment of large volume bladder stones by current equipments continues to be a management problem in both developing and developed countries. AH-1 Stone Removal System (SRS) invented by us is primarily u...

    Authors: Aihua Li, Chengdong Ji, Hui Wang, Genqiang Lang, Honghai Lu, Sikuan Liu, Weiwu Li, Binghui Zhang and Wei Fang
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:9
  38. We produced a novel model of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) by periurethral injection of hyaluronic acid and compared the cystometric features, postoperative complications, and histopathological changes of t...

    Authors: Yongquan Wang, Zhiyong Xiong, Wei Gong, Zhansong Zhou and Gensheng Lu
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:8
  39. Adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) is a neurotransmitter and inflammatory cytokine implicated in the pathophysiology of lower urinary tract disease. ATP additionally reflects microbial biomass thus has potential ...

    Authors: Kiren Gill, Harry Horsley, Anthony S Kupelian, Gianluca Baio, Maria De Iorio, Sanchutha Sathiananamoorthy, Rajvinder Khasriya, Jennifer L Rohn, Scott S Wildman and James Malone-Lee
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:7
  40. Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic prescribed off-label for the treatment of premature ejaculation (PE). However, tramadol may cause addiction and difficulty in breathing and the beneficial effect of tra...

    Authors: Marrissa Martyn-St James, Katy Cooper, Eva Kaltenthaler, Kath Dickinson, Anna Cantrell, Kevan Wylie, Leila Frodsham and Catherine Hood
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:6
  41. Adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare malignancy. Radical surgery is suggested as the best available treatment for early-stage disease, but there is currently no consensus on standard chemotherapy re...

    Authors: Bin Yu, Jin Zhou, Hongzhou Cai, Ting Xu, Zicheng Xu, Qing Zou and Min Gu
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:3

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