Figure 1From: Urinary high molecular weight matrix metalloproteinases as non-invasive biomarker for detection of bladder cancer Urine samples procured from bladder cancer patients were analyzed by substrate gel electrophoresis (zymography). Bands of enzyme activity were detected as zones of clearance on a background of uniform blue staining. Protein marker used to detect the molecular weight. Arrows indicate HMW MMP9 dimer, MMP9-NGAL complex, MMP9. Urine samples from bladder cancer patients in lane (1–4) show activity for MMPs, while no activity in urine sample of control in lanes (5&6).Back to article page