From: Urinary incontinence, mental health and loneliness among community-dwelling older adults in Ireland
Characteristic | Categories | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urinary incontinence | No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 | Yes | 1.74*** | 1.50*** | 1.51*** | 1.20 | 1.27* | 1.14 |
 |  | [1.49,2.05] | [1.27,1.78] | [1.27,1.80] | [1.00,1.43] | [1.06,1.53] | [0.94,1.37] |
Age (years) | 50–59 |  | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 | 60–69 |  | 0.95 | 1.03 | 1.13 | 1.22** | 1.27** |
 |  |  | [0.83,1.08] | [0.90,1.17] | [0.99,1.30] | [1.06,1.41] | [1.10,1.46] |
 | 70–79 |  | 1.19* | 1.30** | 1.43*** | 1.74*** | 1.76*** |
 |  |  | [1.01,1.40] | [1.10,1.53] | [1.20,1.70] | [1.46,2.07] | [1.47,2.10] |
 | ≥80 |  | 1.46** | 1.36* | 1.53** | 2.05*** | 2.06*** |
 |  |  | [1.13,1.88] | [1.05,1.77] | [1.17,1.99] | [1.56,2.70] | [1.56,2.72] |
Sex | Male | Â | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 | Female |  | 1.12* | 1.10 | 0.98 | 0.92 | 0.87* |
 |  |  | [1.01,1.24] | [1.00,1.22] | [0.88,1.08] | [0.83,1.03] | [0.78,0.98] |
Education | Primary | Â | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 | Secondary |  | 0.95 | 1.03 | 1.07 | 1.07 | 1.08 |
 |  |  | [0.82,1.09] | [0.89,1.19] | [0.92,1.24] | [0.92,1.25] | [0.93,1.27] |
 | Tertiary |  | 0.92 | 1.04 | 1.11 | 1.13 | 1.15 |
 |  |  | [0.80,1.07] | [0.90,1.21] | [0.95,1.29] | [0.96,1.32] | [0.98,1.35] |
Financial strain | Never | Â | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 | Rarely |  | 1.38*** | 1.41*** | 1.44*** | 1.21* | 1.24* |
 |  |  | [1.18,1.62] | [1.20,1.66] | [1.21,1.70] | [1.02,1.43] | [1.04,1.48] |
 | Sometimes |  | 1.87*** | 1.88*** | 1.80*** | 1.53*** | 1.54*** |
 |  |  | [1.63,2.16] | [1.63,2.17] | [1.55,2.09] | [1.32,1.79] | [1.32,1.81] |
 | Often |  | 3.66*** | 3.35*** | 2.66*** | 2.14*** | 1.99*** |
 |  |  | [3.03,4.42] | [2.77,4.06] | [2.17,3.26] | [1.75,2.61] | [1.61,2.45] |
Number of | None | Â | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Chronic conditions | One | Â | 1.01 | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.03 | 1.02 |
 |  |  | [0.86,1.18] | [0.89,1.22] | [0.87,1.20] | [0.87,1.22] | [0.87,1.21] |
 | Two or more |  | 1.24** | 1.25** | 1.15 | 1.12 | 1.08 |
 |  |  | [1.07,1.43] | [1.07,1.44] | [0.99,1.34] | [0.96,1.31] | [0.93,1.27] |
ADL disability | No | Â | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 | Yes |  | 1.14 | 1.06 | 0.74** | 0.94 | 0.76* |
 |  |  | [0.93,1.39] | [0.87,1.31] | [0.59,0.92] | [0.75,1.18] | [0.60,0.97] |
Social Network | Mostly isolated | Â | Â | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Index | Moderately isolated | Â | Â | 0.59*** | 0.63** | 0.60*** | 0.63** |
 |  |  |  | [0.45,0.77] | [0.47,0.83] | [0.45,0.80] | [0.46,0.84] |
 | Moderately integrated |  |  | 0.40*** | 0.46*** | 0.40*** | 0.43*** |
 |  |  |  | [0.31,0.52] | [0.35,0.60] | [0.30,0.52] | [0.32,0.57] |
 | Most integrated |  |  | 0.26*** | 0.30*** | 0.25*** | 0.28*** |
 |  |  |  | [0.20,0.34] | [0.23,0.40] | [0.19,0.33] | [0.21,0.37] |
Depression | (per one-unit increase) | Â | Â | Â | 1.10*** | Â | 1.06*** |
 |  |  |  |  | [1.09,1.11] |  | [1.05,1.07] |
Anxiety | (per one-unit increase) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.24*** | 1.20*** |
 |  |  |  |  |  | [1.21,1.26] | [1.17,1.22] |