Table 2 Risk factors of overactive bladder and their possible association
Variable | Frequency (%) | Presence of OAB* (%) | Absence of OAB (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | < 0.001 | |||
< 21 | 207 (39.4) | 115 (55.6) | 92 (44.4) | |
≥ 21 | 318 (60.6) | 119 (37.4) | 199 (62.6) | |
Gender | 0.347 | |||
Male | 216 (41.1) | 91 (42.1) | 125 (57.9) | |
Female | 309 (58.9) | 143 (46.3) | 166 (53.7) | |
Academic level | < 0.001 | |||
Basic years | 279 (53.1) | 149 (53.4) | 130 (46.6) | |
Clinical years | 246 (46.9) | 85 (34.6) | 161 (65.4) | |
Employment status | 0.838 | |||
Yes | 12 (2.3) | 5 (41.7) | 7 (58.3%) | |
No | 513 (97.7) | 229 (44.6) | 284 (55.4) | |
Body mass index | 0.691 | |||
< 25 | 328 (62.5) | 144 (43.9) | 184 (56.1) | |
≥ 25 | 197 (37.5) | 90 (45.7) | 107 (54.3) | |
Presence of chronic diseases | 0.220 | |||
Yes | 43 (8.2) | 23 (53.5) | 20 (46.5) | |
No | 482 (91.8) | 211 (43.8) | 271 (56.2) | |
History of diagnostic urinary tract infections | 0.003 | |||
Yes | 92 (17.5) | 54 (58.7) | 38 (41.3) | |
No | 433 (82.5) | 180 (41.6) | 253 (58.4) | |
History of surgery | 0.296 | |||
Yes | 78 (14.9) | 39 (50) | 39 (50) | |
No | 447 (85.1) | 195 (43.6) | 252 (56.4) | |
History of recent trauma | 0.045 | |||
Yes | 50 (9.5) | 29 (58) | 21 (42) | |
No | 475 (90.5) | 205 (43.2) | 270 (56.8) | |
Smoking | 0.633 | |||
Yes | 99 (18.9) | 42 (42.4) | 57 (57.6) | |
No | 426 (81.1) | 192 (45.1) | 234 (54.9) | |
Self-rated satisfaction with academic achievement | 0.233 | |||
Satisfied | 271 (51.6) | 114 (42.1) | 157 (57.9) | |
Not satisfied | 254 (48.4) | 120 (47.2) | 134 (52.8) | |
Self-rated stress | 0.004 | |||
Low stress | 171 (32.6) | 61 (35.7) | 110 (64.3) | |
High stress | 354 (67.4) | 173 (48.9) | 181 (51.1) | |
Self-rated satisfaction with the financial status | 0.106 | |||
Satisfied | 334 (63.6) | 140 (41.9) | 194 (58.1) | |
Not satisfied | 191 (36.4) | 94 (49.2) | 97 (50.8) | |
Self-rated satisfaction with the social life | 0.497 | |||
Satisfied | 327 (62.3) | 142 (43.4) | 185 (56.6) | |
Not satisfied | 198 (37.7) | 92 (46.5) | 106 (53.5) | |
Amount of daily water intake | 0.254 | |||
< 1.5 L | 311 (59.2) | 145 (46.6) | 166 (53.4) | |
≥ 1.5 L | 214 (40.8) | 89 (41.6) | 125 (58.4) | |
Taking medications¥ | 0.007 | |||
Yes | 61 (11.6) | 37 (60.7) | 24 (39.3) | |
No | 464 (88.4) | 197 (42.5) | 267 (57.5) | |
Urodynamic study | 0.317 | |||
Normal | 26 (5) | 10 (38.5) | 16 (61.5) | |
Overactive | 5 (1) | 4 (80) | 1 (20) | |
Hypotonic | 3 (0.6) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | |
Not performed | 491 (93.5) | 218 (44.4) | 273 (55.6) |