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Table 1 Comparison a of sociodemographic, treatment and surgeon characteristics among prostate cancer patients after prostatectomy (n = 1’254) according to surgical margin status

From: Determinants and effects of positive surgical margins after prostatectomy on prostate cancer mortality: a population-based study

Characteristics

Surgical margin status

Total

Crude

P-value

Odds ratio

 

Positive

Negativeb

   
 

(cases)

(controls)

   
 

N

%

N

%

N

(95% CI)

 

Age Mean (SD)

63.39

(6.00)

62.94

(6.48)

63.12

(6.30)

0.218

 

(t-test)

Age class

       

   <60

127

37.1

215

62.9

342

1

0.831

   60-69

276

38.3

445

61.7

721

1.05 (0.81-1.37)

 

   ≥70

76

39.8

115

60.2

191

1.12 (0.78-1.61)

 

Period

       

   1990-1994

29

50.0

29

50.0

58

1

<0.001

   1995-1999

105

42.9

140

57.1

245

0.75 (0.42-1.33)

 

   2000-2004

201

40.8

292

59.2

493

0.69 (0.40-1.19)

 

   2005-2008

144

31.4

314

68.6

458

0.46** (0.26-0.80)

 

Social class status

       

   High

156

35.9

279

64.1

435

1

0.602

   Middle

206

38.8

325

61.2

531

1.13 (0.87-1.47)

 

   Low

107

40.8

155

59.2

262

1.24 (0.90-1.69)

 

   Unknown

10

38.5

16

61.5

26

1.12 (0.50-2.52)

 

Sector of care

       

   Private

312

38.8

492

61.2

804

1

0.554

   Public

167

37.1

283

62.9

450

0.93 (0.73-1.18)

 

Method of detection

       

   Screening

394

37.7

652

62.3

1046

1

0.434

   Symptoms

43

44.3

54

55.7

97

1.32 (0.87-2.01)

 

   Other

42

37.8

69

62.2

111

1.01 (0.67-1.51)

 

Type of surgery

       

   Perineal/Retropubic

196

45.9

231

54.1

427

1

<0.001

   Laparoscopic

62

39.2

96

60.8

158

0.76 (0.53-1.10)

 

   Robot-assisted

35

32.1

74

67.9

109

0.56* (0.36-0.87)

 

   Unknown

186

33.2

374

66.8

560

0.59*** (0.45-0.76)

 

Surgeon caseload (number of prostatectomies)

      

   High (>50)

379

37.6

628

62.4

1007

1

0.235

   Middle (15–50)

74

44.6

92

55.4

166

1.33 (0.96-1.86)

 

   Low (<15)

24

32.0

51

68.0

75

0.78 (0.47-1.29)

 

   Unknown

2

33.3

4

66.7

6

0.83 (0.15-4.55)

 

Radiotherapy with or without hormonal therapy c

      

   No

325

30.5

742

69.5

1067

1

<0.001

   Yes

154

82.4

33

17.6

187

10.65 (7.16-15.86)

 

Clinical T

       

   cT0-cT1

83

31.8

178

68.2

261

1

<0.001

   cT2

163

35.7

293

64.3

456

1.19 (0.86-1.65)

 

   cT3

79

63.2

46

36.8

125

3.68*** (2.36-5.76)

 

   cTx

154

37.4

258

62.6

412

1.28 (0.92-1.78)

 

Pathological T

       

   pT0-pT2

239

27.5

629

72.5

868

1

<0.001

   pT3-pT4

240

62.2

146

37.8

386

4.33 (3.36-5.58)

 

PSA level

       

   0-9

217

32.8

445

67.2

662

1

<0.001

   10-20

98

51.0

94

49.0

192

2.14*** (1.54-2.96)

 

   21+

57

64.0

32

36.0

89

3.65*** (2.30-5.80)

 

   Unknown

107

34.4

204

65.6

311

1.08 (0.81-1.43)

 

Gleason

       

   2-6

218

30.5

497

69.5

715

1

<0.001

   7

195

45.2

236

54.8

431

1.88*** (1.47-2.41)

 

   8-10

60

61.9

37

38.1

97

3.70*** (2.37-5.74)

 

   Unknown

6

54.5

5

45.5

11

2.74 (0.83-9.06)

 

Prostate volume (cm 3 )

       

   ≤60

422

41.0

607

59.0

1029

1

<0.001

   >60

53

25.7

153

74.3

206

0.50*** (0.36-0.70)

 

   Unknown

4

21.1

15

78.9

19

0.38 (0.13-1.16)

 

Tumour volume (cm 3 )

       

   ≤10

347

35.7

624

64.3

971

1

<0.001

   >10

58

70.7

24

29.3

82

4.35*** (2.65-7.12)

 

   Unknown

74

36.8

127

63.2

201

1.05 (0.76-1.44)

 

Tumour percentage d

      

   ≤10%

202

26.7

554

73.3

756

1

<0.001

   >10%

252

57.9

183

42.1

435

3.78*** (2.94-4.85)

 

   Unknown

25

39.7

38

60.3

63

1.80* (1.06-3.07)

 

Total

479

38.2

775

61.8

1245

  
  1. Geneva Cancer Registry 1990–2008.
  2. aCrude logistic regression comparing patients with positive surgical margins (the cases) with those with negative surgical margins (the controls).
  3. bNegative and close.
  4. cRadiotherapy includes both salvage and adjuvant categories.
  5. dTumour percentage of the prostate was calculated as tumour volume divided by the prostate volume
  6. CI: confidence interval.
  7. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
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BMC Urology

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