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  1. The number of patients diagnosed and subsequently treated for kidney stones is increasing, and as such the number of post-operative complications is likely to increase. At present, little is known about the ro...

    Authors: Stephen Fôn Hughes, Alyson Jayne Moyes, Rebecca May Lamb, Peter Ella-tongwiis, Christopher Bell, Ahmed Moussa and Iqbal Shergill

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:122

    Content type: Research article

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  2. To evaluate the clinical outcomes and the duration required for the sperm to return to the ejaculate after a modified single-armed 2-suture longitudinal intussusception vasoepididymostomy (SA-LIVE).

    Authors: Nachuan Liu, Peng Li, Erlei Zhi, Chencheng Yao, Chao Yang, Liangyu Zhao, Ruhui Tian, Huixing Chen, Yuhua Huang, Yuexin Yu and Zheng Li

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:121

    Content type: Research article

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  4. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the prevalence of microhematuria in patients presenting with suspected acute renal colic and/or confirmed urolithiasis at the emergency department.

    Authors: Bruno Minotti, Giorgio Treglia, Mariarosa Pascale, Samuele Ceruti, Laura Cantini, Luciano Anselmi and Andrea Saporito

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:119

    Content type: Research article

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  5. The aim of the study was to clarify whether clinical and/or urodynamic parameters could be used to infer the probability of neutralizing antibody (NAb) formation as a possible cause of therapy failure (non-res...

    Authors: Christian Tiburtius, Ralf Böthig, Birgitt Kowald, Sven Hirschfeld and Roland Thietje

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:113

    Content type: Research article

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  6. This study was designed to summarize the clinical outcomes of transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty for single-stage correction of proximal hypospadias in our hospital.

    Authors: Xu Cui, Yuanbin He, Wenhua Huang, Liu Chen, Yunjin Wang and Chaoming Zhou

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:118

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Hyperglycemia is associated with series of process leading to oncogenesis. Evidence has shown that diabetes mellitus (DM) seems to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. However, ev...

    Authors: Wei-Lun Huang, Kuo-How Huang, Chao-Yuan Huang, Yeong-Shiau Pu, Hong-Chiang Chang and Po-Ming Chow

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:117

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Spontaneous renal fornix rupture (SRFR) causing urinoma is an uncommon but serious condition in pregnancy. Limited information is available to describe the natural history and outcomes to guide appropriate tre...

    Authors: Matthew McKnoulty, Ayla Green, Susan Scott, Matthew J. Roberts and Alka Kothari

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:116

    Content type: Research article

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  10. To compare the postoperative continence and clinical outcomes of Retzius-sparing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RS-RALP) with non-RS RALP for patients with prostate cancer.

    Authors: Yu-Li Jiang, Gao-Feng Zheng, Ze-Peng Jiang, Zhen-Li, Xie-Lai Zhou, Jin Zhou, Chun-Hua Ye and Kang-Er Wang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:114

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is a rare anomaly characterized by both testes descending through a single inguinal canal. In this report, the diagnosis of TTE was discovered in the event of an incarcerate...

    Authors: Mostafa Kotb, Ahmed Hassan and Mohamed Abouheba

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:112

    Content type: Case report

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  12. Adult men with autoimmune conditions are commonly prescribed anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents; however, there is a paucity of quality evidence as to their effect on male fertility (e.g. semen param...

    Authors: Lauren Folgosa Cooley, James Wren, Mary Kate Keeter, Isaac Lam, Nelson Bennett and Robert E. Brannigan

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:111

    Content type: Research article

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  13. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a well-known prognostic marker in various cancers. However, its role as a predictive marker for the effectiveness of nivolumab in patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC) re...

    Authors: Naotaka Nishiyama, Megumi hirobe, Takuya Kikushima, Masahiro Matsuki, Atsushi Takahashi, Masahiro Yanase, Keisuke Ichimatsu, Masayuki Egawa, Norihiro Hayashi, Takahito Negishi, Naoya Masumori and Hiroshi Kitamura

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:110

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Upper urinary tract stones is the most common diseases in urology. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and ureteroscopic lithotripsy (fURL) are common treatment, but both their efficacy and safety are controve...

    Authors: Yeda Chen, Yaoan Wen, Qingfeng Yu, Xiaolu Duan, Wenqi Wu and Guohua Zeng

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:109

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Hypokalemia is a common clinical problem. The association between urinary tract infection (UTI) and hypokalemia is not clear. Hypokalemia is common in patients with UTI in clinical observation. The aim of the ...

    Authors: Ai-Ling Shen, Hsiu-Li Lin, Hsiu-Chen Lin, Yuan-Fu Tseng, Chien-Yeh Hsu and Che-Yi Chou

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:108

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Tumoural calcinosis (TC) is a rare disorder characterized by nonneoplastic amorphous calcium deposition that tends to occur in soft tissues around the large joint. Here, we report a case of cystic TC with ossi...

    Authors: Mancheng Xia, Chun Liu, Haosen Yang, Keqiang Yin, Yusheng Wang, Xunan Tong, Siyu Zhang and Weibing Shuang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:106

    Content type: Case report

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  18. Stauffer Syndrome (SS) is a paraneoplastic disorder associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). First described by Herbert Maurice Stauffer in 1961, it is characterized by hepatic dysfunction in the absence of...

    Authors: Julian Chavarriaga, Nayib Fakih, Juan Cataño, Catalina Villaquiran, Santiago Rodriguez and German Patino

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:105

    Content type: Case report

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  19. Pelvic floor static disorders constitute a significant clinical and social problem. The incidence of the problem increases with the age of female patients up to 80 years of age. Due to various methods of proce...

    Authors: Maciej Zalewski, Gabriela Kołodyńska, Anna Mucha, Łukasz Bełza, Krzysztof Nowak and Waldemar Andrzejewski

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:104

    Content type: Research article

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  20. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Kyle B. Zuniga, Samuel L. Washington III, Sima P. Porten and Maxwell V. Meng

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:103

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Urology 2020 20:40

  22. Although sex hormones play critical roles in spermatogenesis and sperm maturation, it remains inconclusive whether circulating sex hormones can serve as non-invasive biomarkers to improve the assessment of spe...

    Authors: Wei Zhao, Jun Jing, Yong Shao, Rong Zeng, Cencen Wang, Bing Yao and Dong Hang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:101

    Content type: Research article

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  23. To investigate the value of using contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound (CETRUS) to reduce unnecessary collection of biopsies during prostate cancer diagnosis and its utility in predicting biochemical recur...

    Authors: Hong-wei Zhao, Jian Li, Jia-Zheng Cao, Juan Lin, Zhu Wang, Jian-yao Lv, Jin-huan Wei, Zhen-hua Chen, Hao-hua Yao, Yi-hui Pan, Zhen-li Gao, Jun-hang Luo, Wei Chen, Lei Shi and Yong Fang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:100

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Genetic biomarkers are a promising and growing field in the management of bladder cancer in all stages. The aim of this paper is to understand the role of genetic urinary biomarkers in the follow up of patient...

    Authors: F. Lozano, C. X. Raventos, A. Carrion, E. Trilla and J. Morote

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:99

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Mitomycin (MMC) has been frequently used as the compound for intravesical treatment. The relatively new pyrimidine analog gemcitabine (GEM) has exhibited anticancer effect on various solid cancers, such as the...

    Authors: Rongxin Li, Ye Li, Jun Song, Ke Gao, Kangning Chen, Xiaogang Yang, Yongqiang Ding, Xinlong Ma, Yang Wang, Weipeng Li, Yanan Wang, Zhiping Wang and Zhilong Dong

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:97

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Nocturia is one of the most bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms and often impairs sleep quality in the elderly. Although previous studies on nocturia have indicated that the successful treatment of nocturi...

    Authors: Kazumasa Torimoto, Makito Miyake, Yasushi Nakai, Katsuya Aoki, Nobumichi Tanaka and Kiyohide Fujimoto

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:96

    Content type: Study protocol

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  28. Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is a common renal fusion anomaly, occurring in about 1 in 400–600 individuals. In addition, the incidence of duplicated collecting system is about 0.8%.

    Authors: Jindong Zhang, Liang Gao, Changlong Li, Xiaokang Yang, Yusheng Lei and Chuan Liu

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:95

    Content type: Case report

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  30. Physical therapy, including percussion, inversion, vibration and combinations, was clinically performed to improve the stone free rate (SFR) following lithotripsy procedures. However, physical therapy is not w...

    Authors: Linjie Peng, Junjun Wen, Wen Zhong and Guohua Zeng

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:93

    Content type: Research article

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  31. In patients with indwelling bladder catheters for > 2 weeks, bacterial colonization is inevitable, leading to urinary tract infections or encrustations with subsequent catheter blockage. Currently, bladder irr...

    Authors: Jürgen Pannek, Karel Everaert, Sandra Möhr, Will Vance, Frank Van der Aa and Jürg Kesselring

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:92

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy is the treatment of choice for patients with T1 or high-grade superficial bladder cancer or those with carcinoma in situ after transurethral resection. A per...

    Authors: Che-Wei Hsu, Yi-Chun Chiu, Hsiao-Yun Hu, Yu-Hua Fan, Shih-Chi Hong and Wei-Ming Cheng

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:91

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Numerous studies show that the pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with the prognosis of patients with RCC. However, their findings are inconsistent, urging us to explore the progno...

    Authors: Yuan Shao, Bo Wu, Wei Jia, Zikuan Zhang, Qian Chen and Dongwen Wang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:90

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are usually related to the presence of Escherichia coli, a microorganism that adopts an intracellular life-style during the pathogenesis of cystitis. Evidence of the underlying mec...

    Authors: Carlos Martínez-Figueroa, Karen Cortés-Sarabia, Luz del Carmen Alarcón-Romero, Hilda Guadalupe Catalán-Nájera, Micaela Martínez-Alarcón and Amalia Vences-Velázquez

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:89

    Content type: Case report

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  35. The aims of this study were to determine the predictive value of decision support analysis for the shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) success rate and to analyze the data obtained from patients who underwent SWL to ...

    Authors: Seung Woo Yang, Yun Kyong Hyon, Hyun Seok Na, Long Jin, Jae Geun Lee, Jong Mok Park, Ji Yong Lee, Ju Hyun Shin, Jae Sung Lim, Yong Gil Na, Kiwan Jeon, Taeyoung Ha, Jinbum Kim and Ki Hak Song

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:88

    Content type: Research article

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  36. The point at which men seek medical care for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) varies between individuals. Presentation to hospital with complications beyond LUTS appears prevalent in our setting. The aim of...

    Authors: Ikenna I. Nnabugwu, Ijeoma L. Okoronkwo and Chinwe A. Nnabugwu

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:87

    Content type: Research article

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  37. The present clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a standardized saw palmetto oil containing 3% β-sitosterol in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and androg...

    Authors: H. V. Sudeep, Jestin V. Thomas and K. Shyamprasad

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:86

    Content type: Research article

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  38. To evaluate demographic, clinical and pathological characteristics of small renal masses (SRM) (≤ 4 cm) in a Latin-American population provided by LARCG (Latin-American Renal Cancer Group) and analyze predicto...

    Authors: Thiago Camelo Mourão, Diego Abreu, Gustavo F. Carvalhal, Guillermo Gueglio, Walter H. da Costa, Vinicius Fernando Calsavara, Luis Meza-Montoya, Rubén G. Bengió, Carlos Scorticati, Ricardo Castillejos-Molina, Francisco Rodríguez-Covarrubias, Ana María Autran-Gómez, José Gadu Campos-Salcedo, Alejandro Nolazco, Carlos Ameri, Hamilton Zampolli…

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:85

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Several phase 3 studies reported positive results for combinations of Immune-Oncology (IO) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) targeted therapies in patients with metastatic clear cell Renal Cell Car...

    Authors: Yasser Ged, Ruby Gupta, Cihan Duzgol, Andrea Knezevic, Natalie Shapnik, Ritesh Kotecha, Martin H. Voss, Darren R. Feldman, Oguz Akin, Sujata Patil, Robert J. Motzer, Brian I. Rini and Chung-Han Lee

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:84

    Content type: Research article

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  40. An inguinal hernia is the protrusion of intraabdominal organs through an opening in the abdominal wall. Structures such as small and large intestines are commonly contained within inguinal hernias. However, ur...

    Authors: Christopher El Mouhayyar, Haoyang Wang, Laith Hattar, Fang-Yu Liu, Karen Feghali and Vaidyanathapuram Balakrishnan

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:83

    Content type: Case report

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  42. Partial ablation of the prostate using high-intensity focussed ultrasound (HIFU-PA) is a treatment option for localised prostate cancer. When local recurrence occurs, salvage robot-assisted radical prostatecto...

    Authors: James E. Thompson, Ashwin N. Sridhar, Greg Shaw, Prabhakar Rajan, Anna Mohammed, Timothy P. Briggs, Senthil Nathan, John D. Kelly and Prasanna Sooriakumaran

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:81

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Myxoma is a relatively rare mesenchymal tumor seen mainly in the heart and skin. Renal myxomas in particular are exceptionally rare where only 17 cases were previously reported in the English Language literatu...

    Authors: Najla Aldaoud, Amer Hallak, Liqa A. Rousan, Omar Halalsheh, Bashar Darayseh and Mousa A. Al-Abbadi

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:80

    Content type: Case report

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  45. Recurrent hematospermia accompanied by postejaculatory hematuria is a very rare phenomenon, has not been well understood in the clinical setting, and usually leads to misdiagnosis and mistreatment. The aim of ...

    Authors: Zao-Ming Huang, Yan-Feng Li, Qi Wang, Yong Zhang, Yong Luo, Zhi-Lin Nie, Ke Li, Qing-Xing Feng and Xu-Dong Liu

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:78

    Content type: Research article

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  46. In patients seen in the emergency department (ED) with acute stone obstruction many risk factors that indicate need for urgent renal drainage are known. However, in patients discharged from ED without renal dr...

    Authors: Spencer Larkin, Jeremy Johnson, Trisha Venkatesh, Joel Vetter and Ramakrishna Venkatesh

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:77

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Approximately 1% of urolithiasis cases in Germany affect children. Interdisciplinary groups have agreed on national and international guidelines for children to recommend appropriate treatment pathways. The ai...

    Authors: Felix Blasl-Kling, Simone Katrin Dold, Jan-Thorsten Klein, Gamal Anton Wakileh, Ulrich Humke and Anne-Karoline Ebert

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:76

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Grynfeltt–Lesshaft hernia is a kind of lumbar abdominal wall hernia in which clinical presentations may vary from an asymptomatic bulge in the lumbar area to a symptomatic lumbar mass with back pain. It has be...

    Authors: Saadat Mehrabi, Mohammad Javad Yavari Barhaghtalab and Mehdi Babapour

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:74

    Content type: Case report

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  50. Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) of the urinary bladder is a variant of urothelial carcinoma that carries a poor prognosis. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been demonstrated to contribut...

    Authors: Shunichiro Nomura, Yasutomo Suzuki, Jun Akatsuka, Yuki Endo, Akira Shimizu, Tsutomu Hamasaki, Go Kimura and Yukihiro Kondo

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:72

    Content type: Research article

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