Table 1 Clinical characteristic of community-dwelling volunteers and early stage renal cell carcinoma patients (Non-stone group)

n

296

148

Age (years)^a

64 (56–72)

62 (54–72)

0.333

Gender (Male)^a, n=

176 (59%)

89 (60%)

0.919

Body mass index^a (kg/m²)

24 ± 4

24 ± 4

0.849

Comorbidities

Hypertension^a, n=

85 (29%)

43 (29%)

1.000

Diabetes^a, n=

47 (16%)

31 (21%)

0.189

Cardiovascular disease^a, n=

42 (14%)

20 (14%)

0.886

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

76 (66–85)

72 (61–87)

0.127

Stage 3B CKD, n=

12 (4%)

6 (4%)

1.000

Uric acid > 7.0 mg/dL, n=

34 (11%)

24 (16%)

0.180

Dyslipidemia (Total cholesterol >220, or Triglyceride >140 mg/dL), n=

21 (7%)

15 (10%)

0.401

Urine protein > 30 mg/dL, n=

N/A

22 (15%)

Aortic calcification index (ACI)

N/A

6.7 (0.8-19.2)