Comparison of the efficacy and safety of URSL, RPLU, and MPCNL for treatment of large upper impacted ureteral stones: a randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the included patients

Variable	URSL group	MPCNL group	RPUL group	P value^a	P value^b	P value^c
	N = 50	N = 50	N = 50
Mean age (years)	42 ± 14	41 ± 15	44 ± 11	0.769	0.385	0.581
Male/female	28/22	31/19	29/21	0.274	0.162	0.469
Side (left / right)	26/24	27/23	29/21	0.481	0.376	0.583
Mean stone size (mm)	16.8 ± 2.1	19.3 ± 1.8	18.8 ± 1.4	0.677	0.943	0.876
Hydronephrosis (mm)	35.8 ± 5.5	40.2 ± 7.8	38.4 ± 6.9	0.264	0.573	0.815

ISSN: 1471-2490