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Table 4 Prognostic factors for bladder recurrence in the entire cohort of UTUC patients and stratified by tumor location

From: Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics, epigenetic biomarkers and prognosis between renal pelvic and ureteral tumors in upper tract urothelial carcinoma

Variables

All patients (n = 612)

Renal pelvis (n = 341)

Ureter (n = 271)

UVA

MVA

UVA

MVA

UVA

MVA

HR

95%CI

p value

HR

95%CI

p value

HR

95%CI

p value

HR

95%CI

p value

HR

95%CI

p value

HR

95%CI

p value

Location (ureter vs renal pelvis)

1.172

0.870–1.579

0.297

               

Gender (men vs women)

1.150

0.854–1.550

0.357

   

1.279

0.850–1.924

0.239

   

1.035

0.668–1.606

0.876

   

Age (continuous)

0.987

0.974–1.000

0.050

   

0.983

0.966–1.000

0.055

   

0.989

0.970–1.010

0.989

   

Preoperative hydronephosis

1.173

0.868–1.585

0.298

   

1.141

0.745–1.748

0.545

   

1.050

0.608–1.815

0.861

   

Multifocality (presence of multiple foci vs absence)

1.732

1.260–2.381

0.001*

1.42

1.01–2.01

0.045*

1.833

1.185–2.835

0.006*

1.75

1.13–2.72

0.012*

1.610

1.011–2.566

0.045*

1.44

0.86–2.43

0.167

Preoperative renal function(eGFR, continuous)

0.999

0.993–1.004

0.671

   

0.999

0.993–1.006

0.876

   

0.999

0.989–1.009

0.887

   

Previous or concomitant BT (presence vs absence)

1.900

1.267–2.850

0.002*

1.47

0.95–2.28

0.081

1.710

0.931–3.138

0.084

   

2.034

1.176–3.517

0.011*

1.39

0.75–2.58

0.293

Gross hematuria (presence vs absence)

1.108

0.773–1.588

0.577

   

1.102

0.572–2.125

0.772

   

1.268

0.802–2.005

0.310

   

Smoke (presence vs absence)

0.946

0.644–1.388

0.775

   

1.097

0.655–1.836

0.726

   

0.784

0.441–1.394

0.407

   

Alcohol (presence vs absence)

0.771

0.473–1.257

0.297

   

0.901

0.480–1.692

0.746

   

0.622

0.286–1.351

0.230

   

Diabetes (presence vs absence)

1.086

0.736–1.601

0.679

   

0.842

0.469–1.515

0.567

   

1.414

0.837–2.388

0.196

   

Hypertension (presence vs absence)

0.774

0.566–1.059

0.109

   

0.916

0.595–1.412

0.692

   

0.614

0.391–0.967

0.035*

0.71

0.44–1.15

0.163

Preoperative ureteroscopy

1.631

1.111–2.395

0.012*

1.25

0.83–1.87

0.285

2.087

1.137–3.829

0.018*

1.62

0.87–3.02

0.126

1.319

0.794–2.189

0.285

   

Tumor stage^ (T4 vs T3 vs T2 vs T1 vs Ta)

0.861

0.731–1.014

0.074

   

0.956

0.772–1.185

0.683

   

0.744

0.574–0.965

0.026*

0.81

0.54–1.20

0.292

Tumor grade^ (G3 vs G2 vs G1)

0.655

0.504–0.851

0.002*

0.54

0.31–0.93

0.027*

0.515

0.336–0.789

0.002*

0.30

0.13–0.71

0.006*

0.777

0.555–1.089

0.143

   

Lymph node status (N+ vs Nx vs N-)

0.326

0.121–0.879

0.027*

0.45

0.17–1.23

0.120

0.491

0.180–1.338

0.164

   

0.046

0.000–5.017

0.199

   

Architecture (presence of sessile vs absence)

0.718

0.479–1.075

0.108

   

0.721

0.349–1.490

0.377

   

0.644

0.389–1.067

0.087

   

CIS (presence of sessile vs absence)

1.604

0.789–3.262

0.192

   

1.498

0.369–6.086

0.572

   

1.555

0.676–3.573

0.299

   

Necrosis(presence vs absence)

1.164

0.750–1.806

0.498

   

1.532

0.881–2.664

0.131

   

0.810

0.390–1.682

0.572

   

Squamous metaplasia(presence vs absence)

0.626

0.308–1.274

0.196

   

0.630

0.231–1.720

0.367

   

0.609

0.223–1.665

0.334

   

Sarcomatoid metaplasia (presence vs absence)

0.490

0.182–1.321

0.159

   

0.465

0.114–1.887

0.284

   

0.541

0.133–2.204

0.392

   

Gland-like differentiation (presence vs absence)

0.576

0.184–1.806

0.344

   

0.619

0.086–4.452

0.634

   

0.509

0.125–2.073

0.346

   

Tumor size (continuous)

0.920

0.850–0.996

0.039*

0.91

0.78–1.06

0.213

0.967

0.872–1.072

0.520

   

0.875

0.771–0.991

0.036*

0.83

0.64–1.08

0.170

TMEFF2 (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.714

0.521–0.978

0.036*

0.91

0.60–1.38

0.657

0.839

0.554–1.268

0.404

   

0.593

0.358–0.984

0.043*

1.00

0.50–2.00

0.999

HSPA2 (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.704

0.511–0.968

0.031*

0.82

0.55–1.24

0.348

0.792

0.519–1.207

0.278

   

0.626

0.380–1.033

0.067

   

GDF15 (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.823

0.611–1.110

0.203

   

0.936

0.616–1.421

0.755

   

0.738

0.456–1.196

0.217

   

RASSF1A (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.598

0.407–0.878

0.009*

0.69

0.45–1.07

0.095

0.786

0.499–1.237

0.298

   

0.318

0.138–0.731

0.007*

0.41

0.17–0.97

0.042*

SALL3 (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.725

0.519–1.013

0.059

   

0.669

0.427–1.048

0.079

   

0.837

0.505–1.386

0.489

   

VIM (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.862

0.636–1.167

0.336

   

1.302

0.831–2.041

0.249

   

0.567

0.367–0.875

0.010*

0.64

0.38–1.06

0.081

ABCC6 (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.805

0.499–1.297

0.373

   

1.007

0.578–1.752

0.981

   

0.508

0.185–1.392

0.188

   

CDH1 (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.681

0.413–1.124

0.133

   

0.870

0.474–1.597

0.654

   

0.466

0.188–1.155

0.099

   

THBS1 (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.960

0.678–1.359

0.818

   

1.044

0.651–1.675

0.858

   

0.872

0.522–1.457

0.601

   

BRCA1 (methylated vs unmethylated)

0.977

0.659–1.448

0.908

   

0.858

0.485–1.515

0.597

   

1.131

0.655–1.955

0.659

   

No. methylated genes(continuous)

0.787

0.637–0.972

0.026*

1.14

0.56–2.34

0.718

0.906

0.688–1.193

0.483

   

0.656

0.460–0.935

0.020*

0.96

0.34–2.72

0.934

  1. *Statistically significant
  2. UVA univariate analysis, MVA multivariate analysis, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, UTUC upper tract urothelial carcinoma, BT bladder tumor, CIS carcinoma in situ, HR Hazard Ratio, CI confidence interval
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