Table 1 Comparisons of patients’ demographics and preoperative clinical characteristics between the two groups
Variables, mean ± SD or n (%) | Position group (n = 220) | Control group (n = 428) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, year | 46.4 ± 5.3 | 44.1 ± 3.7 | 0.782 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.1 ± 2.7 | 23.3 ± 1.5 | 0.635 |
Gender | |||
Male | 123 (55.9) | 222 (51.9) | – |
Female | 97 (44.1) | 206 (48.1) | 0.329 |
Hypertension history | |||
No | 160 (72.7) | 328 (76.6) | – |
Yes | 60 (27.3) | 100 (23.4) | 0.275 |
Diabetes history | |||
No | 201 (91.4) | 383 (89.5) | – |
Yes | 19 (8.6) | 45 (10.5) | 0.448 |
Stone size, cm | |||
< 1.0 cm | 37 (16.8) | 106 (24.8) | – |
1.0–2.0 cm | 109 (49.6) | 218 (50.9) | 0.108 |
2.0–2.5 cm | 74 (33.6) | 104 (24.3) | 0.003** |
Stone locations | |||
Pelvis or upper calyx | 83 (37.7) | 166 (38.8) | – |
Middle calyx | 33 (15.0) | 101 (23.6) | 0.077 |
Lower calyx | 104 (47.3) | 161 (37.6) | 0.164 |
ESWL history | |||
No | 115 (52.3) | 245 (57.2) | – |
Yes | 105 (47.7) | 183 (42.8) | 0.228 |
Nephrolithiasis operation historiesa | |||
No | 164 (74.5) | 297 (69.4) | – |
Yes | 56 (25.5) | 131 (30.7) | 0.170 |
Preoperative hydronephrosis | |||
No | 163 (74.1) | 351 (82.0) | – |
Yes | 57 (25.9) | 77 (18.0) | 0.018* |
Preoperative lower calyceal seeper | |||
No | 146 (66.4) | 324 (75.7) | |
Yes | 74 (33.6) | 104 (24.3) | 0.012* |
Preoperative renal function | |||
Normal | 199 (90.5) | 394 (92.0) | – |
Abnormal | 21 (9.5) | 34 (8.0) | 0.488 |
Double-J stents placed histories | |||
No | 140 (63.6) | 288 (67.3) | – |
Yes | 80 (36.4) | 140 (32.7) | 0.352 |