Cost comparison between open radical cystectomy, laparoscopic radical cystectomy, and robot-assisted radical cystectomy for patients with bladder cancer: a systematic review of segmental costs

Table 5 Operating costs

Author	Urinary diversion	Operating cost (ORC) (%)	Operating cost (RARC) (%)	ORC mean operating time (min)	RARC mean operating time (min)
Bansal [13]	Ileal conduit, Orthotopic neobladder	$6464 (47.8%)	$10,140 (63.1%)	192^a	265^a
Bochner [23]	Ileal conduit, Orthotopic neobladder	included in total cost		330^b	464^b
Martin [21]	Ileal conduit	N.A. (for institutional reason)		320^a	280^a
Lee [22]^c	Ileal conduit, Orthotopic neobladder, Continent cutaneous	$10,384 (40.7–50.1%)	$14,556 (64.1–70.5%)	420^d	444
Smith [11]	N.A.	$9304 (57.3%)	$9527 (65.3%)	228^e	246^e

Operating costs, proportion of the costs to the total cost, and operative time of the included studies. The operating costs included operating room occupation costs, personnel fee, disposable equipment, and anesthesia. ^aNo statistical comparison; ^b significantly different between ORC and RARC; ^cpresented as median costs; ^dsurgeon fees not included; and ^eoccupancy time was reported

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