Fig. 2

a Axial T2-weighted (T2W) image reveals ill-defined decreased T2 signal at the level of the left anterior transition zone at the level of the base (arrow). b Axial apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map demonstrates markedly restricted diffusion in this region (arrow). c Colored perfusion map created using post-processing software from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) acquisition demonstrates suspicious perfusion kinetics for prostate cancer (arrow), corresponding to the findings seen on T2W and DWI. This lesion was scored as a PI-RADS 4 and patient underwent MRI-US fusion biopsy which revealed Gleason 3 + 3 = 6 prostate cancer at the targeted area. Based on these findings, patient elected to undergo anterior focal cryoablation of this lesion. d,e,f Axial T2W image, ADC map and colored perfusion map created using post-processing software from DCE-MRI acquisition in the post-ablation setting reveals ablation defect with no suspicious findings in the area of treatment and specifically, no abnormal perfusion kinetics. Patient’s PSA continued to decrease with a nadir at 0.6 ng/mL confirming successful targeted anterior cryoablation