Table 2 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model for the overall survival of patients with bladder cancer

Sex

 Female

1

–

1

–

 Male

1.9 (1–3.7)

0.04

11.8 (1.3–100.7)

0.02

Age

 ≤ 50

1

–

1

 51–64

1.6 (0.6–4)

0.27

1.1 (0.4–3.1)

0.8

 ≥ 65

3.3 (1.4–7.5)

0.005

4.1 (1.5–11)

0.004

Marital status

 Single*

1

–

1

–

 Married

0.36 (0.2–0.6)

 < 0.001

0.7 (0.3–1.3)

0.3

Residence

 Rural

1

–

1

–

 Urban

0.5 (0.3–0.7)

0.001

0.8 (0.4–1.6)

0.5

Occupation

 Unemployed/Retired

1

–

1

–

 Housewife

1.2 (0.5–26.8)

0.6

11.3 (1.1–116.8)

0.04

 Worker

2.2 (1–4.7)

0.04

2.6 (1.1–6.2)

0.03

 Self-employed

2.2 (1.1–4.4)

0.03

3.3 (1.5–7.1)

0.002

 Office job

1.8 (0.7–4.4)

0.19

4.9 (1.7–13.9)

0.003

 Agriculturist

3.1 (1.6–6.1)

0.001

1.8 (0.7–4.4)

0.2

Education

 Illiterate

1

–

1

–

 Literate

0.5 (0.3–0.8)

0.003

1.1 (0.6–2)

0.8

Socioeconomic status

 Poor

1

–

1

–

 Moderate

0.6 (0.3–0.9)

0.02

0.5 (0.3–1)

0.06

 Rich

0.35 (0.2–0.6)

 < 0.001

0.4 (0.2–0.8)

0.01

TNM stage

 I

1

–

1

–

 II

2.4 (1.5–4)

 < 0.001

1.5 (0.7–2.9)

0.2

 III

7.9 (4.7–13.4)

 < 0.001

2.8 (1.3–5.8)

0.006

 IV

7.3 (3.2–16.6)

 < 0.001

6.4 (2.1–19.3)

0.001

Grade

 Poorly differentiated

1

–

1

–

 Well differentiated

5.2 (3.4–7.9)

 < 0.001

3.2 (1.7–6)

 < 0.001

Treatment

 Radiation therapy

1

–

1

–

 Surgery

0.8 (0.3–2.1)

0.6

0.9 (0.3–2.6)

0.8

 Chemotherapy

1.7 (0.4–6.6)

0.4

1.5 (0.3–6.2)

0.6

 Combinational treatment

1.3 (0.4–3.7)

0.6

0.9 (0.5–5)

0.4

Histologic type

 Adenocarcinoma

1

–

1

–

 Squamous cell carcinoma

1.3 (0.3–5.1)

0.7

4.7 (0.8–26.8)

0.08

 Urothelial carcinoma

0.46 (0.19–1)

0.06

1.6 (0.5–4.5)

0.4