|
N
|
1204
|
2399
|
1107
|
4710
|
|
Age (mean, years)
|
61.1
|
60.8
|
60.2
|
60.7
|
|
Race/ethnicity (%)
| | |
|
White
|
88.3
|
92.2
|
92.9
|
91.3
|
|
Black
|
2.0
|
1.3
|
3.0
|
1.9
|
|
Asian/Pacific Islander
|
8.8
|
5.2
|
2.2
|
5.4
|
|
Other
|
0.9
|
1.3
|
1.9
|
1.4
|
|
Education (%)
| | |
|
Less than high school degree
|
3.8
|
5.4
|
6.4
|
5.2
|
|
High school graduate
|
12.3
|
18.4
|
21.6
|
17.6
|
|
Some college/post high school training
|
28.3
|
32.5
|
36.2
|
32.3
|
|
College degree or higher
|
55.6
|
43.8
|
35.9
|
44.9
|
|
Marital status (%)
| | |
|
Married or living as married
|
83.9
|
86.7
|
87.6
|
86.2
|
|
Not currently married
|
16.1
|
13.3
|
12.4
|
13.8
|
|
Current physical activity (h/week, %)
| | |
|
None
|
11.0
|
12.4
|
18.3
|
13.4
|
|
One
|
24.1
|
29.5
|
34.4
|
29.2
|
|
Two to three
|
30.9
|
33.0
|
29.7
|
31.7
|
|
Four or more
|
34.1
|
25.1
|
17.7
|
25.7
|
|
Smoking history (%)
| | |
|
Never smoker
|
34.4
|
29.1
|
24.1
|
29.3
|
|
Current cigarette smoker
|
13.8
|
11.0
|
6.9
|
10.7
|
|
Former cigarette smoker
|
45.3
|
51.5
|
60.3
|
52.0
|
|
Cigar or pipe smoker only
|
6.5
|
8.3
|
8.8
|
8.0
|
|
Current mean intakes of
| | | | |
|
Energy (kcal/day)
|
2255.0
|
2320.4
|
2445.4
|
2333.0
|
|
Carbohydrates (g/day)
|
292.3
|
292.8
|
300.0
|
294.3
|
|
Fat (g/day)
|
74.4
|
79.7
|
87.0
|
80.0
|
|
Poly-unsaturated fatty acid (g/day)
|
15.2
|
15.9
|
17.0
|
16.0
|
|
Protein (g/day)
|
85.7
|
90.7
|
97.9
|
91.1
|
|
Alcohol (g/day)
|
18.0
|
17.1
|
17.1
|
17.3
|
|
Fruit (servings/day)
|
2.5
|
2.3
|
2.3
|
2.3
|
|
Vegetables (servings/day)
|
3.8
|
3.7
|
3.8
|
3.8
|
|
Red meat (g/day)
|
87.5
|
102.3
|
124.3
|
103.7
|
|
Dietary
| | | | |
|
Alpha-carotene (mcg/day)
|
1283.8
|
1280.5
|
1316.3
|
1289.8
|
|
Beta-carotene equivalents (mcg/day)
|
5632.7
|
5566.4
|
5611.4
|
5593.9
|
|
Lycopene (mcg/day)
|
11,205.0
|
11,839.0
|
12,667.0
|
11,716.3
|
|
Total (from the diet and supplements)
| | | | |
|
Beta-carotene (mcg/day)
|
5463.9
|
5282.4
|
5276.2
|
5327.3
|
|
Selenium (mcg/day)
|
117.6
|
122.1
|
130.3
|
122.9
|
|
Vitamin A (IU/day)
|
15,230.0
|
14,949.0
|
14,987.0
|
15,030.0
|
|
Vitamin C (mg/day)
|
441.8
|
418.8
|
377.6
|
415.0
|
|
Vitamin E (IU/day)
|
164.7
|
153.3
|
152.5
|
156.0
|
|
Zinc (mg/day)
|
20.3
|
20.3
|
21.0
|
20.5
|
|
Multivitamin use (%)
|
48.8
|
42.7
|
39.5
|
43.5
|
|
Medical history (%)
| | | | |
|
Hypertension
|
15.8
|
26.9
|
38.1
|
26.7
|
|
Coronary heart disease
|
6.8
|
9.4
|
11.5
|
9.2
|
|
Stroke
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
1.6
|
1.2
|
|
Diabetes
|
3.7
|
4.7
|
8.7
|
5.4
|
|
Arthritis
|
19.1
|
23.5
|
30.8
|
24.1
|
|
Emphysema
|
2.0
|
1.8
|
1.6
|
1.8
|
|
Bronchitis
|
2.1
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
|
Gall bladder stone or inflammation
|
3.4
|
5.6
|
9.0
|
5.8
|
|
Cirrhosis
|
0.1
|
0.2
|
0.2
|
0.2
|
|
Diverticulosis
|
3.7
|
4.3
|
4.1
|
4.1
|
|
Hepatitis
|
3.5
|
3.5
|
3.1
|
3.4
|
|
Colon polyps and polyp syndromes
|
6.8
|
6.6
|
8.1
|
7.0
|
|
Clinical prostatitis
|
3.7
|
3.0
|
3.3
|
3.2
|
