Fig. 1

Conventional and modified cystostomy A midline incision of lower abdomen. B Purse-string suture in the dome of the bladder with a F16 tube inserted into the bladder. C Subcutaneous and skin layers closed routinely with the tube secured with a finger-trap suture. D Midline incision of lower abdomen. E The intended entrance site of bladder pulled out through the incision. F The entrance site of the bladder wall incised and 8 interrupted stitches placed around the incision