Table 1 Reported cases of leiomyoma of the seminal vesicle
No. | Year | Author | State | Age | Symptoms | Size (cm) | Position | Preoperative diagnosis | Mode of operation | The imaging |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1944 | Plaut [3] | USA | 66 | Left lower abdominal tumor | 14 × 11 | No record | No record | Laparotomy through a lower midline incision | No record |
2 | 1990 | Bahn DK [4] | USA | 61 | Asymptomatic | 2 | No record | Transrectal biopsy leiomyoma | No record | Endorectal ultrasound showed that a well-defined hypoechogenic mass lesion can be seen in the seminal vesicle |
3 | 1994 | Gentile [5] | USA | 66 | Asymptomatic | 5 × 5 | Left | Transrectal biopsy benign bland collagenous fibrous tumor | Laparotomy through a lower midline incision | CT of pelvis showed soft tissue mass deforming left posterolateral aspect of bladder. MRI showed low signal intensity mass |
4 | 1996 | Ahmadzadeh [6] | Germany | 69 | Dysuria and pollakiuria | 5.0 × 4.5 | Left | Transrectal biopsy no malignant cells | Laparotomy through a lower midline incision | Ultrasonography reveals a mass in the area of the left seminal vesicle.A computerized tomography scan shows a unilateral enlargement of the seminal vesicle on the left side |
5 | 2007 | Lallemand [7] | Belgium | 52 | Bladder outlet obstruction | 4 × 3 | Right | No record | Laparoscopic excision | CT showed a mass lesion in the right retrovesical region. The MRI revealed low signal intensity, well-marginated, ovoid mass in the right retrovesical located in the right seminal vesicle |
6 | 2009 | Shiotani [8] | Japan | 74 | Left hemilumbago | 5.5 × 4.4 | Left | Transrectal biopsy benign bland collagenous fibrous tumor | Laparotomy through a lower midline incision | CT revealed a calcifi ed soft tissue-density mass with coarse, clear margins located adjacent to the urinary bladder and seminal vesicles. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass of low and isointensity signals compared with soft tissue on T1-weighted imaging and low, moderately high, and isointensity signals on T2-weighted imaging |
7 | 2009 | Inan [9] | Turkey | 74 | Asymptomatic | 1.2 | Left | Transrectal biopsy leiomyoma | No record | The lesion was homogeneously hypo-intense on T2-weighted images and isointense on T1-weighted images homogeneous. After I.V contrast injection, the lesion enhanced strongly and homogeneously |
8 | 2013 | Shaikh [10] | India | 63 | Lower urinary tract symptoms | 5.7 × 5.1 | Left | Transrectal biopsy leiomyoma | Laparoscopic excision | MRI showed the presence of a retroperitoneal and retrovesical solid mass |
9 | 2014 | Miyajima [11] | Japan | 65 | Lower abdominal disobedience | 9.3 × 4.4 | Right | Transrectal biopsy leiomyoma | Laparotomy through a lower midline incision | CT showed oval plump tumor without contrast effect. MRI showed that the tumor was depicted with the same low signal as muscle in T1 and T2 stressed images. It was suspected to be myogenic tumor and isolated fibrous tumor derived from myofibroblasts |
10 | 2016 | Arnold [12] | African American | 55 | Treatment for prostate cancer | 1.5 × 1.5 | Left | No record | Robot assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy | No record |
11 | 2018 | Oliveira [13] | Brazil | 60 | Asymptomatic | 4.0 | Right | Transrectal biopsy leiomyoma | No record | Transabdominal pelvic ultrasound showing a well-defined solid hypoechoic lesion in the right seminal vesicle space.T2-weighted MRI sequence showing a well-defined, heterogeneous expansile lesion with predominantly low signal intensity. T1-weighted fast spin-echo MRI sequence showing a solid heterogeneous lesion with its epicenter in the right seminal vesicle and a predominantly isointense signal |
12 | 2019 | Mendrek [14] | Germany | 41 | Strong lower abdominal pain with unusually sudden onset | 7.5 × 6.5 | Right | Transrectal biopsy showed tissue without signs of malignancy | Laparotomy through a lower midline incision | CT showed a solid mass, which in sagittal plane was localised between urinary bladder and rectum and had well-defined boundaries but vague origin |
13 | 2021 | Present study | China | 36 | Urination pain and hemospermia | 5.3 × 5.0 | Right | No record | Laparoscopic excision | CT showed inconsistent density of the mass, and CTU showed uneven enhancement, and patchy non enhancement areas |