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Table 2 The reasons for failed cases

From: Rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy in the lateral decubitus position for upper urinary tract stones

Reason

Cases

Narrowing of the ureter

54

Stone or a part thereof trapped in the kidney

22

Ureteral tortuosity

10

Oversized/hard stone*

8

Pelvis deformity induced by severe hydronephrosis**

4

Blockage by polyps secondary to lithiasis

2

Ureter avulsion

2

Pyonephrosis***

1

  1. *Rendered the operation impossible to complete in a reasonable time
  2. **The stone sank to the lowest point of the enlarged pelvis and was unreachable by the ureteroscope
  3. ***The operation was aborted due to concerns about possible sepsis
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BMC Urology

ISSN: 1471-2490

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