Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of bladder cancer patients in training and validation cohort
Variables | Number of patients (%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Training cohort (n = 366) | Validation cohort (n = 105) | ||
Surgery option | < 0.001 | ||
TURBT | 246 (67.2) | 89 (84.8) | |
RC | 120 (32.8) | 16 (15.2) | |
Age | 0.464 | ||
< 65 | 163 (44.5) | 51 (48.6) | |
≥ 65 | 203 (55.5) | 54 (51.4) | |
Gender | 0.624 | ||
Female | 85 (23.2) | 22 (17.6) | |
Male | 281 (76.8) | 83 (82.4) | |
Incidence | 0.281 | ||
Incipient | 230 (62.8) | 72 (68.6) | |
Recurrent | 136 (37.2) | 33 (31.4) | |
Smoking | 0.196 | ||
No | 274 (74.9) | 85 (81) | |
Yes | 92 (25.1) | 20 (19) | |
Tumor diameter | 0.338 | ||
< 3 cm | 245 (66.9) | 65 (61.9) | |
≥ 3 cm | 121 (33.1) | 40 (38.1) | |
Tumor number | 0.689 | ||
Single | 151 (39.3) | 41 (39) | |
Multiple | 215 (60.7) | 64 (61) | |
Tumor pedicled | 0.179 | ||
Yes | 144 (38.9) | 49 (46.7) | |
No | 222 (61.1) | 56 (53.3) | |
Tumor site | 0.064 | ||
Single wall | 215 (58.7) | 51 (48.6) | |
Multiple wall | 151 (41.3) | 54 (51.4) | |
Tumor morphology | 0.305 | ||
Cauliflower | 193 (52.7) | 49 (46.7) | |
Seaweed | 23 (6.3) | 11 (10.5) | |
Flat nipple | 47 (12.8) | 13 (12.4) | |
Muscus | 25 (6.8) | 4 (3.8) | |
Mixture | 78 (21.3) | 28 (26.7) | |